Introduction. The article examines the problem of the formation of communicative competence among students studying Russian as a foreign language in the process of mastering the disciplines of the module "Health Saving" using authentic materials. Modern professional training of future teachers is aimed at developing readiness for recreational activities, which is reflected in the "Core of Higher Pedagogical Education". In this regard, the use of authentic health-saving materials is relevant.

   The purpose of the article is to substantiate the idea of forming communicative competence among students by means of authentic health-saving materials.

   The experience gained can be used by future teachers in their professional activities.
   Materials and Methods. The main methods of the study were theoretical and methodological analysis, the method of diagnostic analysis, including pedagogical observation; questioning; oral questioning, conversation, which made it possible to study the problem of the formation of communicative competence among students studying Russian as a foreign language.
   Results. Testing of foreign students studying Russian as a foreign language made it possible to conclude that their communicative competence was insufficiently developed. As one of the resources for achieving the set goal, a special program was created that involves the use of authentic materials for independent work of students in the process of studying the disciplines of the Health Saving module. Criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of the formation of communicative competence among students by means of authentic health-saving materials have been developed. The tendencies of positive dynamics of formation of students' knowledge about health, self-preservation behavior and communicative competence in general are revealed. The stages (adaptive, integration, reflective and creative) of the formation of communicative competence in students by means of authentic health-saving materials are presented.
   Discussion and Conclusions. In the course of the study, the relevance of the problem of the formation of communicative competence among students studying Russian as a foreign language, which is determined by objective reasons has been proved. The created special program involves the use of authentic materials for independent work of students in the process of studying the disciplines of the module "Health Saving" and helps to improve their communicative competence. The effectiveness of the means of pedagogical support used in the process of formation of communicative competence among students is proved.

    Introduction. The purpose of this article is to argue dialogue philosophy and pedagogy, when these both knowledge decide problem of a person’ self-determination in social institute of education.
   Materials and Methods. Philosophical concept of a person is offered as methodology for researches of pedagogical self-determinate’s problem. The focus are two abilities of a person. There are reflection and transcending. The study of the famous philosophical anthropologists (G. Zimmel, M. Scheler, Z. Bauman, M. Foucault, V. Podoroga,L.G., Tulchinskii and etc.) makes an opportunities to receive the wealth theoretical material. The first, this material concerns impossibility of human’s logical determination because a human can be identified only ontologically. This definition concerns the way of his being. The secondly, the article affirms an education as authentic way of person’s being, which gives him constant incompleteness and endless desire for self-detrmination. The way of comparative analysis is used to find differences between the concepts of a person and his self-determination in classical (metaphysical) philosophy and in modernity postmetaphysical philosophy. The way of conceptual analysis helped to express the key concepns of the topic – humun, education, self-dtterminate.
   Results and Discussion. The determination of education and seff-determination as the way of person being have the next conclusions. The First conclusion concern specific characteristics of a person (reflective intelligence and transcending, permanent formation of oneself and search for one's essence. The second conclusion is the next. The social institute of education originates and historically develops as the aid to a person at his educational way of being. A person receives educational knowledge and the methodology and the technology of teaching and learning is developed here. The presented material can contributes to the practical solution of self-determination as pedagogical problem. Philosophical methodology promotes analysis of pedagogical practices, focused for the solution of subject’s formation, comprehension of identity and student’s identification, his re-identity and re-determination. These processes are relevanted today.
   Conclusions. The conclusion is made about the necessity for cooperation between philosophy and pedagogy. Notable features of modernity (rizomaticity – j. Deleuze, displacement of center and periphery – J Derrida, fluidity – Z. Bauman) make it possible to comprehend pedagogical ways, what take into consideration modernity understanding of a person and his self-determination. The question about the actions the pedagogical techniques and role of human’s inner peace requires special attenttial.

   Introduction. The article is devoted to the essence of the concept of "instructional design". In the course of the study, scientific sources, experience and speeches of educational content developers were analyzed in order to clarify the interpretation of the term “instructional design”. The authors define the content of the concept and its structure, differences in the professional characteristics of specialists implementing the foundations of instructional design, identify the stages and tools for creating distance courses using pedagogical design approaches.
   Materials and Methods. In the course of the study, an analysis of the scientific literature devoted to instructional design was carried out. Systematized and summarized the practical experience of applying the basics of instructional design to create educational content.
   Results. Approaches to the understanding of the term “instructional design”, features of the interaction of specialists involved in the development of educational content in the context of digital learning are defined. The tools for creating distance courses are described, using the basics of instructional design at each stage of development.
   Discussion and Conclusions. The study made it possible to identify the essential characteristics of the concept of "instructional design" and the stages of the process of constructing educational content, taking into account the basics of instructional design and different formats of interaction in the implementation of curricula.

   Introduction. Training future engineers for professional activities is an urgent task in modern Russian society. Changes taking place in the global space require an increased emphasis on the need for productive information interaction within the professional activities of technical specialists. The problem of technical university students` ability to use a foreign language as a means of working with professionally oriented information is posed.

   The purpose of this article is to identify the features of specialists' proficiency in working with foreign language professionally oriented information and to find ways to improve the quality of information activities in a foreign language.
   Materials and Methods. A review of the literature on the problems of the study was carried out. In the course of the study, methods of theoretical analysis of scientific literature, generalization and systematization, pedagogical observation and modeling were used.
   Results. The main tasks of professional training of technical specialists in the field of electric power engineering and electrical engineering are given. The importance of mutual integration of professionally oriented knowledge, foreign language proficiency and a set of skills of search, processing, fixation, transfer of information has been substantiated. The category of "foreign language information activity" has been specified. In addition, the structure of foreign language information activity of a technical university student is revealed. Practical experience in forming skills of working with foreign-language professionally oriented information on the basis of the author's textbook is described. The results of the quality of mastering foreign-language information activities by technical university students are given. Discussion and Conclusions. Involving of technical university students in foreign language information activities is one of the effective ways to improve their professional training. The importance of forming and improving the skills of information activity in a foreign language among technical university students during their undergraduate and postgraduate studies is discussed. The question of the possibility of researching these processes in multilingual professional environments is raised.

   Introduction. The proposed article is one of the opportunities to show the need to revive the institution of mentoring (tutoring) in the modern socio-economic conditions of the development of the national education system. Based on the research of scientists, the authors give a description of the main categories of research "mentoring" and "tutoring"; rethink different approaches to understanding their essence. Mentoring is defined by the authors as an effective form of formation and development of the personality of a young teacher.
   Materials and Methods. As research methods, the method of analysis and systematization of psychological-pedagogical theoretical-experimental and scientific-methodological studies of domestic scientists on the problem of mentoring, tutoring, support was used.

   Results. The historical and pedagogical analysis of the formation and development of the institute of mentoring in pre-revolutionary Russia, during the Soviet period of the development of the domestic education system and shows the possibilities of the revival of mentoring in modern Russia; the goals and objectives of the "School of Mentoring" in the conditions of the region are defined. The study of the problem of mentoring and tutoring forces a new assessment of their role and importance in the formation and development of the personality of a modern professional teacher, mentor, tutor, who can provide significant assistance in self-determination and adaptation to modern society of each student.
   Discussion and Conclusions. The article presents the results of the activity of the "Mentoring School" operating on the basis of the MAOU "School No. 187" of Nizhny Novgorod. Special attention in the activities of the "School of Mentoring" was paid to rethinking the system of methodological work, improving the research and methodological culture of the teacher, developing
and implementing methodological support for generalizing the experience of mentoring, which ultimately contributes to the self-development of the teacher's personality, his pedagogical skills and career growth.

   Introduction. The family is the basic organization of social interaction formed on the basis of marriage, blood relations and adoption. Its changes are inevitably connected with politics. The process of reconstructing various economic, cultural, social and other relationships in the context of the family constantly challenges the internal structure of the traditional Chinese family. In China, the structure and functions of the family have undergone major changes over time, which affect not only the family itself, but also have an impact on the stable and healthy functioning of society as a whole. In traditional family education, the principle of the primacy of family interests is observed, but preference is given to boys. Within the framework of traditional Chinese culture, the main focus is on the upbringing of boys, since boys have a higher status in the family than girls. Inequality in traditional education in China is manifested in gender differences related to the education of children, with the distribution of family education resources and in the difference in the years of education of boys and girls.

   Materials and Methods. Confucianism, which is one of the three main religions of the Chinese, preaches the so–called "xiao" – the cult of family and obedience of the younger to the elders. According to traditions, children serve their parents and strictly obey their will. Therefore, at preschool age, the personal example of adults becomes especially relevant for the child. The rule of the psychological "mirror", based on children's impressionability and the desire to imitate, is also known in European pedagogical practice. However, the Chinese attach special importance to a personal example, in addition, they carefully choose their child's environment.
   Results. The current family upbringing and education in our country is traditional, stereotypical and conservative in the formation of gender. In particular, in the field of gender expectations, gender perceptions and gender education. Many parents still do not have a scientific understanding of gender issues, and many parents are often unaware of their children's gender education. Although the academic community is concerned about changes in China's modern family structure, the discussion of this topic focuses on a wide range of issues.
   Discussion and Conclusions. Under the influence of modern civilization and education, the traditional way of the family, the relationship between spouses, the structure of the family, the issues of raising children are undergoing changes, gradually turning into an open and democratic system where the upbringing of children is comprehensive.

   Introduction. Trust in the doctor is a necessary basis for willingness to follow his recommendations and effective treatment in general. It’s especially important during a pandemic. Before the coronavirus epidemic, a certain crisis of trust in medicine in Russia was recorded. New researches have supplemented scientific ideas on the problem with rather contradictory data on how men and women react to a situation that poses a serious health risk and what kind of image of a doctor and medical care is formed. This article analyzes the features of the image of a doctor among students of socionomic profiles and reveals the specifics of its relationship with the level of trust in others and themselves among young men and women during the COVID-19 pandemic.
   Materials and Methods. The study involved 286 students studying at universities in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod in socionomic specialties, aged 17 to 22 years (M =19.31; SD = 1.33), 168 of them were women and 118 men. The method of semantic differential to identify the image of a doctor was used, the method of «Faith in People» by M.Rosenberg was used to determine the level of trust in others, and a reflexive questionnaire by T.P.Skripkina was used to study the expression of the trust students in themselves in 11 spheres of life.
   Results. It was found that young men and women during the pandemic formed a positive image of a doctor, in the content of which gender similarity is mostly noted. There are also practically no gender differences in trust in others, which is at an average level, but at the same time, some gender differences in trust in themselves were revealed, which turned out to be higher among male students. Correlation analysis showed the existence of a direct positive relationship between trust in others and a positive image of a doctor in women, whereas in men such connections are practically absent. At the same time, the image of a doctor is also positively connected with trust in themselves, but differently in female and male students.
   Discussion and Conclusions. Based on the results of an empirical study, we can talk about gender specificity, manifested in the presence and severity of the interrelations of the perception of a doctor during a pandemic with the general level of trust in others and in themselves among students of a socionomic profile.

   Introduction. The issue of studying the process of growing up of a growing child in the realities of our time is of particular relevance and significance. A number of contradictions can be clearly seen (changes in the space of the child's functioning, the absence of a single track of growing up, the presence of tendencies towards the manifestation of disharmonious forms of behavior).
   Materials and Methods. The purpose of our study is the theoretical substantiation and development of the conceptual foundations for growing children growing up at the distance of childhood, taking into account the specifics of different educational environments. Among the key tasks, we focused, firstly, on describing the numerous cross-section of domestic and foreign works that are closely related to childhood and adulthood against the backdrop of constantly changing sociocultural practices, and secondly, to identify specific dynamic changes in emerging educational environments. problems, focusing on the main contradictions generated by the very process of growing up; thirdly, to develop the main conceptual provisions of the psychological and pedagogical analysis of the growing child growing up in educational organizations. The article is based on sociological and psychological-pedagogical studies of the problems of growing up of growing children, carried out by modern Russian and foreign scientists. Methods used: phenomenological and problem analysis.
   Results. An analysis of our studies (2015-2021), studies of domestic and foreign specialists made it possible to state the following conclusions: – We consider the maturation of a modern child in an educational environment as a cyclical process of constant change in the structure of his subjective and objective characteristics, including the formation of an image of adulthood in a child during ontogenesis, its development and implementation, as well as the reflection of the development of adulthood by children in the psychological and pedagogical space of participants in the educational process (parents, teachers). – The concept of the psychology of growing up a child is considered as a theoretical system that includes structure, typology, dynamics, research methods, a model that develops psychological technologies aimed at the favorable passage of age and educational crises by students (transition from “childhood” to “adult” state, in in which a growing person will have to independently determine its semantic content, showing behavior independent of the direct influence of circumstances).
   Discussion and Conclusions. The data obtained made it possible to substantiate the importance and objectivity of the scientific positions defended in the future. In connection with the new challenges of objective reality in modern educational environments, the search for predictors of successful maturation of growing young people, this area of research seems to be quite relevant, requiring further study.

   Introduction. Programming is very attractive for today's youth in terms of future professional activities. The professional choice of a significant number of high school students is associated with admission to IT specialties in the country's leading universities; professional dreams and plans of many young people are related to competitive training and work in an IT company. The increased interest of young people in this specialty and the demand for highly qualified specialists in this field from the state actualizes the need to study the psychological characteristics of the development of children, adolescents and young people who are passionate about programming. The theoretical significance is the definition of the ontological status and content of the concept of passion for programming. Is the passion for programming a socially and historically conditioned characteristic of personality development, or should this concept be considered as a kind of giftedness?
   Materials and Methods. The article presents the results of a review of theoretical approaches to defining the essence of the concept of "enthusiasm for activity" and considers the possibility of its application in relation to programming in the context of the general theory of youth giftedness. During the review, such methods of theoretical research as comparative analysis, generalization, interpretation were used.
   Results. Passion for programming can be defined as a state of energy, devotion and absorption in this activity, requiring physical, cognitively active and emotional involvement in the process. Passion for programming must be considered in the context of the general theory of giftedness. In relation to the studied target group, it seems appropriate to use the term "computer talent". Computer talent includes a high level of development of computer thinking as an analogue of the development of intellectual abilities and creativity of the classical model. Enthusiasm for programming as an activity and in solving a specific problem is a personal component of computer talent.
   Discussion and Conclusions. Passion for programming as a special state of the individual when certain conditions are created, including those that support and enhance motivation and form and develop computer thinking, can develop into a property as a special ability for programming. And a high level of development of this ability, together with a high level of development of computer thinking, will represent a special kind of giftedness – giftedness in the field of programming. Thus, enthusiasm for programming can be considered as a personal prerequisite for the development of giftedness in the field of programming. Identification and development of computer talent is a special pedagogical task.

   Introduction. In the conditions of modernization of the education system, the problem of the formation of personality resistance in the educational environment becomes relevant. On the basis of domestic research on the psychology of the environment, an analysis was made of the characteristics, criteria, conditions, approaches to the requirements for the modern educational environment, which will contribute to the formation of psychological determinants of personality resistance. The formation of personal resistance in the educational environment is possible in an innovative personality-developing environment, which should be psychologically safe, humanitarian - based on humanistic and moral values. A system of psychological support is presented, which is based on the principles of trust, using a polysubjective approach. The analysis and comparison of the results of the ascertaining and forming experiment was carried out in order to determine the effectiveness of the activity of the personality-developing environment on a group of students of 1-2 courses of the socionomic profile.
   Materials and Methods. The work used a diagnostic complex, which makes it possible to determine the component structure in order to study the manifestation of personality resistance in the subjects, and also carried out a meaningful analysis and comparison of the results of the ascertaining and forming experiment with the aim of the effectiveness of the program of the forming experiment.
   Results. As a result of the implementation of the formative program, students are dominated by a high level of development of all components of the psychological structure of resistance, which is characterized by a wide range of knowledge about behavior strategies in various situations. A tendency was found to increase the choice of terminal values in comparison with instrumental ones. A more detailed analysis showed that among the terminal values among the groups of subjects, the indicators of long-term goals, which ensure self-development and predicting behavior strategies in various situations, increased. According to the analysis of the content characteristics of instrumental values, the following can be noted: the students' indicators for ethical and business values increased, as well as the indicators for self-affirmation values and, which is especially interesting, for altruistic values. All this, in our opinion, testifies to the assimilation of a wide range of social actions by all subjects in the process of practice (especially in volunteer activities). In the group of students, the values of business and the values of self-affirmation prevail, the values of communication are much less pronounced. It should also be noted that altruistic values are quite clearly represented among students, which indicates an increase in the stability of the individual. An interesting fact, from the point of view of our study, is the lack of individualistic and conformist values among students. It should be noted that the personal position of the subjects has changed significantly in terms of deepening subjectivity, more balanced indicators are observed.
   Discussion and Conclusions. The study was aimed at testing the system of psychological support in the process of formation of resistance as a personality trait in the subjects – students showed its effectiveness. As a result of the implementation of the formative program, a high level of development of the presented components of the psychological structure of resistance prevails.

   Introduction. The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the burnout syndrome in military and civilian doctors, as well as nurses. At the present stage of healthcare development, the professional activity of medical personnel is accompanied by increasing requirements for the quality of medical care provided to the population. Recently, in a variety of sources: scientific literature and the media, it is indicated that specialists are overloaded with both a large flow of patients and documentation, as well as the minimum amount of time allotted for one patient. These factors are both the main cause of the ever-decreasing quality of medical care and professional burnout among the majority of medical personnel. There is much less information in the available sources about the activities of military doctors, however, in connection with the well-known events, the problem of burnout syndrome is becoming more and more urgent.

   Materials and Methods. Analysis of the literature on the syndrome of emotional burnout, the study of literature covering the activities of military doctors for the development of a professiogram. As empirical methods, the questionnaire "System index of burnout syndrome" based on the MBI test (Maslach Burnout Inventory) was used. For statistical processing, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney difference test was used; SPSS 19.0 software was also used to calculate Pearson's Chi-square test.
   Results. The results of the analysis showed that the level of emotional burnout among civilian doctors is higher in all indicators. In addition, it was found that civilian doctors have a significantly higher level of reduction in professional achievements. In turn, professional burnout in nurses is expressed mainly at the average level.
   Discussion and Conclusions. The analysis of the differences between civilian and military doctors for all indicators of emotional burnout showed that the average values for all indicators of the scale are higher for civilian doctors, that is, civilian doctors are more susceptible to this process compared to military doctors. The study of the qualities that ensure the success of professional activity revealed that volitional qualities, speed of decision-making, the ability to concentrate, as well as great responsibility for the results of their activities, dominate among military medical specialists. At the same time, the listed qualities are no less important in the work of a doctor in a civilian medical institution. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of the professional activities of military and civilian doctors led to the conclusion that such factors as a greater opportunity for creativity, a greater measure of responsibility and military discipline, and professional growth prospects influence the reduction in the risk of professional burnout among military doctors.

   Introduction. Digital education today is a new phenomenon for many countries of the world. In its most general form, it represents the next stage of informatization of education, but it has its own specific features. The author continues a number of previous studies on the problems of informatization of education, information socialization of personality, formation of information culture. Scientists are actively studying the problems associated with the digitalization of higher education. The range of these problems is quite wide and each of them arises on the basis of various contradictions that are studied in different areas of scientific knowledge: sociology, economics, pedagogy, philosophy, cultural studies, etc. To see the possible negative consequences of the transition to digital education and take measures to level them, it is necessary to identify and systematize these contradictions and problems. This will make it possible to develop programs and proposals to improve the quality and effectiveness of digital higher education based on an integrated system approach.

   The aim of the study is to analyze and systematize the main contradictions and problems of digital higher education in Russia.
   Materials and Methods. The methodology and methods of the study were the methods of analytical review of domestic and foreign literature on the development of digital education. Further, on the basis of methods of analysis, comparison, generalization and principles of dialectics, a systematization of the main contradictions and problems that arise in the system of modern higher education in Russia in the process of its digitalization was carried out.
   Results. The study showed that the main contradictions and related problems of digital higher education can be divided into three groups: within pedagogical activity between traditional and digital forms of education, training and upbringing; between digital and traditional forms of elements of education (subject, object, means, environment, conditions, goals, result); between elements of the main subsystems of culture (information, praxiological and axiological), the formation of which is the main goal of pedagogical activity.

   Discussion and Conclusions. The study can be used to build models of digital educational activities that enable you to learn new principles of the relationship of digital education, training, and education in a digital information culture of a modern society, a new status and role of subjects of pedagogical activity, a new paradigm of pedagogical interaction, given a system of contradictions between traditional and digital mechanisms of socialization.

   Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the dispute that took place between N. A. Berdyaev and I. A. Ilyin on the problem of the permissibility or inadmissibility of resisting evil by force.

   The purpose of the study is to analyze, within the framework of historical and philosophical research, the specifics of the views of both thinkers on this issue.

   The polemic launched by I. Ilyin and N. A. Berdyaev has received a lively response from many thinkers, and the relevance of their ideas has been significantly increasing in recent decades.
   Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the scientific article is a whole range of methodological principles: system-activity (V. A. Lazutkin); personality-oriented (A. I. Vakulinskaya); task-oriented (K. B. Martynenko, K. E. Troitsky); complex (A. P. Belyaeva). The following methods were used in the article: system and philosophical analysis, comparison and synthesis.
   Results. The article discusses the dispute that took place between N. A. Berdyaev and I. A. Ilyin about «non-resistance to evil by force». It is emphasized that the publication of the controversial work of I. A. Ilyin «On resistance to evil by force» as a response to the teachings of L. N. Tolstoy caused widespread controversy in scientific circles, especially among representatives of Russian emigration. It is emphasized that I. A. Ilyin and N. A. Berdyaev, being patriots, Orthodox Christians and critics of Tolstoy's non-resistance proceed from different attitudes on the issue of the resistance to evil by force and come to the opposite conclusions.
   Discussion and Conclusions. The dispute that unfolded between N. A. Berdyaev and I. A. Ilyin was predetermined not only by the discrepancy in the personal philosophical attitudes of the thinkers, but also by the historical and socio-political context of that time. N. A. Berdyaev allows the use of "resistance" only in extraordinary cases, following the rules of "spiritual hygiene". I. A. Ilyin he offered an extremely extensive interpretation of "resistance". Having expanded the boundaries and possibilities of resisting evil by force, I. A. Ilyin's teaching became the subject of criticism and reproaches for justifying almost any violence by him, both from the state and from the Church.

   Introduction. The article deals with a systematical approach towards organization of a successful communication, based on philosophical and ethical value-oriented assumptions. In order to achieve success in communications it is proposed to use four principles: 1) singularity of consciousness 2) awareness and self-awareness 3) time 4) consent. The proposed approach is compared to the rules, worked out by the professors of the chair for communication of the University of Texas S. Bibi and T. Motet. A synthesis of principles and rules is delivered as a result.
   Materials and Methods. The following methods of scientific acknowledgement are used to achieve the research objectives: system and comparative analysis, synthesis of Russian and foreign information sources on ethic-related communication principles as well as study of communication critical success factors. Based on comparison of the approaches towards the preparation of a communication act the author attempts to synthesize the list of criteria subject for consideration and planning by the communication participants.
   Results. As a result of the research the first four initial principles proposed by the author and five rules proposed by S. Bibi and T. Motet a new set of twelve criteria appeared to be considered as a communication control map elements for situations requiring special guarantees of communication quality as, for example, by the dispute parties in situations of conflict of interest during decision of complex issues of diplomacy, trade and state regulation.
   Discussion and Conclusions. Discussions and conclusions. Adherence to ethical principles and rules of communication can be of particular practical interest in processes of state and commercial governance. From the scientific point of view it is deemed expedient to define the limits of applicability of communicative acts as well as to consider the legal categories coming into play during the application of such principles.