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Vol 9, No 2 (2021)

VOCATIONAL TRAINING

752
Abstract

Introduction. The formation and strengthening of the personnel potential of the National Guard troops of the Russian Federation is impossible without the formation of a certain spiritual and moral component. This component is directly related to and, moreover, is determined by the specifics of military service in the National Guard troops as a special type of activity. In the course of considering the value component of the personnel potential, it is necessary not only to determine the most significant ones, but also to assess the level of their significance for the subjects of military professional activity. The assessment of the significance of the values of military service, in our opinion, can be solved in the course of a sociological analysis of this problem. This is due to the fact that in this case it is most appropriate to consider the assessments of the significance of certain values, to identify the causes, factors and conditions that affect such assessments of at least one of the social groups – cadets who study at a military institute.
This article provides an overview of a number of methods for assessing the personnel potential of a military organization described in Russian and foreign scientific publications, and considers the acceptability of using these methods in the system of military and law enforcement agencies, including in the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation. To assess the personnel potential of a military organization, the methodology for assessing the personnel potential based on the definition of hierarchical value structures was tested, and the results of the study on the basis of the Novosibirsk Military Institute named after Army General I. K. were described. Yakovlev troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation.
Materials and Methods. Analysis of respondents ' answers to the questions of the sociological questionnaire, carrying out factor analysis, carrying out the procedure of multidimensional scaling of the obtained factors using the Alscal procedure, generalization and structuring of the obtained results.
Results. The total list of publications studied in the framework of the scientific research was 1387 Russian and foreign works. The content of selected scientific papers allows to characterize the most common methods of evaluation of personnel potential (regression analysis, using the Mann-Whitney test, analysis of hierarchy of values and structures), as well as the use of these approaches in practical conduct their own research on the basis of the new Siberian military Institute of national guard troops of the Russian Federation.
Discussion and Conclusions. The analysis carried out to identify the hierarchy of value structures with the respondents showed that the latter are based on corporate and professional values, affecting to different extent the stability and level of personnel potential of the personnel of the national guard troops of the Russian Federation.

947
Abstract

Introduction. The development of the business sphere, scientific and technological progress set the pace of engineering education modernization and stimulate the search for the optimal and close to real working conditions ways of improving and enhancing professional competences and soft skills of university graduates. Interdisciplinarity has become a professional fields trend comprising enormous potential to foster the research, implement its results into practice and facilitate students’ soft skills development.
Materials and Methods. The study is based on the analysis and comparison of domestic and foreign experience on the problem of the research; pedagogical observation of the educational process; study and generalization of pedagogical experience; experimental work.
Results. The interdisciplinary project “Hardware and software complex of augmented reality as a means of learning a foreign language” was carried out with students of different specialties on the bases of Samara State Technical University. The rationale for this project choice is related to the relevance of the information technologies use in educational process and the need to learn a foreign language for professional purposes. These conditions make us think of creating the innovative methodological support of educational process. Considering the development of students’ soft skills, special attention was paid to group dynamics, role functions, leadership, as well as environmental and context factors. Interdisciplinary interaction terms were identified: stable working relationships which help develop communication literacy skills; finding the effective conflict solution that stimulates thinking skills; role and time distribution for actualizing management and self-management skills; a common goal achieving which is conditioned by the combination of the main soft skills groups of effective thinking skills, communication skills, management and self-management skills.
Discussion and Conclusion. Practical work within the interdisciplinary project proved the necessity of students’ soft skills development for achieving success in professional sphere. The most efficient way to better this process is to realize the interdisciplinary interaction due to its potential, represented by its resources, ideas and approaches from different fields, and opportunities for mastering the skills in question.

571
Abstract

Introduction. This article discusses the problems of the readiness of university teachers to implement inclusive educational practice with the students with hearing disabilities.
Materials and Methods. We used questionnaire on diagnostics of teachers' readiness for inclusion; "Scale of emotional response" (Ваlаnced Emotional Empathy Scale - BEES), (A. Mehrabien, N. Epstein); the questionnaire "Diagnostics of teachers' orientation towards the educational-disciplinary or personal model of interaction with children" (VG Maralov).
Results. Thus, the results of the ascertaining experiment make it possible to identify the problems of personal readiness that arise among higher school teachers who have different experience of “implementing” an inclusive culture and practice, and on the basis of this to build programs of psychological (methodological, educational) support in accordance with their request. However, 80.8% of respondents do not see themselves as the center of changes in the educational space of higher education. Only 17.6% of the respondents demonstrate awareness in the aspect of psychological and physiological characteristics of development, the specifics of the communicative and cognitive activity of the deaf and hard of hearing people. 88.2% of the respondents could not name any special educational needs in means of adaptation and rehabilitation of the latter.
Discussion and Conclusions. Problems were identified that hinder the development of teachers' readiness to work in an inclusive education. There was a fragmentation of knowledge in the aspect of psychological and physiological characteristics of development, a lack of understanding of the specifics of the communicative and cognitive activity of the deaf and hard of hearing people, pedagogical technologies of working with the hearing-impaired, special educational needs for means of adaptation and rehabilitation. The problems of implementation by teachers of a personality-oriented approach in education, which is a prerequisite for inclusion, have been diagnosed. Thus, the results of the ascertaining research make it possible to identify the problems of personal readiness that arise among higher school teachers who have different experience of “implementing” an inclusive culture and practice, and on the basis of this to build programs of psychological (methodological, educational) support in accordance with their request.

910
Abstract

Introduction. In the article, the author analyzes the conceptual provisions of the organization of professional education of a future teacher in the space of a pedagogical university. The modern trends in the socio-cultural space and changes in educational reality taking place in the present are analyzed. The period of powerful growth of technologization, the pace of globalization and the emergence of a pandemic allow us to speak of an unprecedented rate of change and change in society, when we have already gone beyond the image of the notorious VUCA world to the unknown and unpredictable world. The author analyzes the essence of the educational result and educational space. The article presents the reasoning about the phenomenon of the goal in the professional education of the teacher, the essential core of which is the professional worldview of the future teacher, who absorbs the complex phenomenon of his professional life.
Materials and Methods. The methods of analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific literature on the research problem were used. The purpose of the article is to determine the conceptual provisions of the professional education of the future teacher.
Results. The goal of professional education of a future teacher is defined as the formation of a professional worldview based on the development of the basic spiritual and moral imperative of the individual. The methodology of organizing professional education in the space of a pedagogical university is determined by the methodological unity of the conventional, spatial, event-driven and axiological approaches. By the principles of professional education, the author defines the principle of freedom and awareness, faith, conventions of generations, cohabitation of educational reality. The environmental solution to the implementation of professional education is the conventional co-existence of a teacher and a student.
Discussion and Conclusions. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the need to study the pedagogical conditions for the implementation of conventional practices in the educational space of a pedagogical university, as well as to search for overcoming the problems of organizing professional education of a future teacher, which is the prospect of further research. The article is addressed to the scientific pedagogical community, researchers of education in higher education, organizers of educational activities in pedagogical universities.

CORRECTIONAL PEDAGOGY

1155
Abstract

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of complex study of early development of children with down syndrome based on the principles of ICF. The analysis of the comparability of parameters describing the current level of development of a child with normal and impaired ontogenesis in popular methods of early development diagnostics with the description parameters adopted in the new classification system of the ICF Presents the experience of processing and interpreting the results of psychological and pedagogical study of the cognitive, speech and motor spheres of young children in the context of the severity of restrictions on their daily life and health. The article describes the method of establishing a functional and rehabilitation diagnosis, as well as the procedure for documenting the results of the psychological and pedagogical study, taking into account the classification categories adopted in the ICF. The significance of the results obtained for the interaction of an interdisciplinary team of specialists within the framework of the early aid Service is determined.
Materials and Methods. When writing the article, we used methods of studying domestic and foreign literature sources; generalization and systematization of the results of studying the cognitive, speech and motor spheres of young children with down syndrome; experimental methods and scales for assessing the timeliness of early childhood development.
Results. The variety of approaches to studying the development of children with normal and impaired development in early ontogenesis is considered. Based on the study of domestic and foreign literature sources, the most common methods of comprehensive assessment of the cognitive, speech and motor spheres of young children with developmental disabilities were selected and their comparability with the description parameters adopted in the ICF domain classification system was evaluated. Data analysis has shown that in the process of studying individual or systemic indicators of early development of young children with down syndrome, any diagnostic tools familiar to the specialist that have passed the procedure of experimental testing and validation can be used. At the same time, only the process of processing, interpreting and finalizing the test results in the Protocol needs modification, while the stimulus material and the research procedure do not need any modification.
Discussion and Conclusions. The study concluded that the ICF can be effectively applied at all stages of the study of young children with not only down syndrome, but also any variants of impaired development. The introduction of ICF profiles in the process of documenting the results of primary diagnostics and dynamic monitoring ensures consistency of interaction between specialists of the early care Service both within the organization and at the interdepartmental level

861
Abstract

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of studying the psychological characteristics of patients with stuttering. A theoretical review of classical and modern approaches to the study of the personality of stammerers and their social and communication skills is presented. The results of an experimental study determining the relationship between social and communicative abilities and indicators of personal and reactive anxiety of stuttering patients are presented. The significance of the results obtained for building and implementing the work of an interdisciplinary team of specialists is determined.
Materials and Methods. The following methods were used when writing the article: theoretical analysis of domestic and foreign literature sources; generalization and systematization of the results of studying the personal sphere of stuttering patients; experimental methods for studying the socio-communicative and psychological characteristics of patients with stuttering; methods of statistical processing of experimental data.
Results. A variety of approaches to the study of personal characteristics of persons with stuttering is considered. In the course of studying the literature sources, the relationship between the state of the emotional and personal sphere and the communicative and speech capabilities of patients with stuttering was revealed, which was later confirmed when analyzing the results of the empirical part of the study. Data analysis showed that the level of social anxiety and fear of negative evaluation (the severity of social phobia) in patients with stuttering is several times higher than normal and correlates with the rigidity of fixation on a speech defect. The study revealed invariant and variable components in the structure of social and communicative maladaptation of patients with stuttering. Among the invariant components, we attributed the presence of high social anxiety (social distress, avoidance, and fear of negative evaluation) in combination with a maladaptive system of social attitudes characteristic of most stutterers. Variable components include individual characteristics of situational anxiety and socio-psychological characteristics of difficult communication, which are personalized.
Discussion and Conclusions. The conducted study allowed to conclude that the difficulties and peculiarities of socio-communicative functioning of patients with stuttering need to determine the design of hierarchically structured pedagogical model of speech therapy effects that take into account the fixed and variable components in the structure of socio-communicative maladjustment and differentiate rehabilitative effect in the context of algorithmizing and personalized approach to speech therapy.

GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY, PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY, HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY

810
Abstract

Introduction. The article presents the results of the study on empirical verification of the theoretical model developed by Karabushchenko N.B. with co-authors of the intellectual manifestation of personality in the aspect of revealing the social-intellectual features of facial expression recognition by students from Russia and Asian countries, as well as the emotional, cultural and social intelligence of personality.

Materials and Methods. The empirical test of the hypothesis was carried out with Russian and Asian students of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (242 people in total) by employing method of comparative analysis through SPSS Statistics.

Results. The hypothesis about general grounds and specific features of the manifestation of structural, functional, content components, dynamic and procedural components of the proposed model of intellectual manifestation of personality in the aspect of revealing the social-intellectual features of facial expression recognition by students is confirmed. In the content component, Mongolian and South Korean students are oriented at the monocultural dialog; Chinese students are aimed at the regulated character of the dialog; Russian students are oriented at the multiculturalism of the dialog. In the structural component,the activity in communication of Mongolian students is aimed at themselves in dialog; the activity of Russian and Chinese students is oriented atrelationship with the partner, with unrestrained feelings and pleasures from dialog for Russian students; Vietnamese students’ activity is aimed atthe limited emotional activity.From the point of view of the function of communication and anticipation, Mongolian students are oriented toward the introverted nature of interaction;Russian students areoriented toward the extraverted nature of interaction; South Korean students are oriented toward high emotional alignment with a communication partner; Vietnamese students are oriented toward the unmanifested emotional nature of interaction. In the dynamic and procedural components of the model, Mongolian students are oriented to the current situation of communication; Russian, Chinese and Vietnamese students - to anticipation of the further promotion of dialog; South Korean students - to the reflecting-anticipating situation of communication.

Discussion and Conclusions. The results of the study are used in the practice of psychological consultation with Russian and Asian students based on the psychological support room.

PEDAGOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY

743
Abstract

Introduction. The pandemic situation, the rapid transition to distance learning forms - all this was a serious test for participants in the educational environment. Panic, fear for health and life, as well as fear of social threat, when the previous structures of interaction with the outside world began to be violated accompanied people. This situation can be described as difficult, extreme, taking beyond the normal human experience that affected the whole world, humanity. It can also be defined as a situation related to social entropy (uncertainty), since it is characterized by novelty, contradiction and complexity. We are currently experiencing uncertainty in all spheres of life. External life circumstances, new challenges in terms of self-isolation, distance - destroyed the usual picture of the human world. A person is also forced to overcome "personal" uncertainty, while experiencing a dissonant state in the cognitive, emotional, motivational - value spheres. The uncertainty of the situation is also related to unpredictability, to the inability to predict development, as well as to uncontrollability, that is, the ability to manage the development of events. It should be noted that in the educational environment there is the same uncertainty, difficulties and fears that are currently experienced not only by the adult population, i.e. parents of students and teachers, but also by students. In our view, overcoming the difficult and uncertain situation of pandemic and conscious adoption of distance learning forms will be related to the peculiarity of the development of personal qualities of the younger generation, among which resistance will be most relevant to the possibilities of positive overcoming.
Materials and Methods. The article should be an analytical review, where an attempt was made to systematize scientific psychological and pedagogical knowledge on the problem of difficulties and restrictions in various structural components of the educational environment and find resources to overcome the uncertain, difficult situation associated with the consequences of the pandemic and the introduction of distance learning. The main method of studying this problem is the theoretical analysis of information in the works of domestic and foreign authors, which presents theoretical and empirical studies on the introduction, opportunities and risks of distance learning forms, as well as attitudes to it.
Results. Problems related to introduction of remote forms of education in structural components of educational environment are considered and analyzed; there are presented models of distance learning, allowing to ensure appropriate quality of trainees training. The results of a survey of students of various faculties of Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky regarding difficulties and attitude to distance learning format during the period of self-isolation are given.
Discussion and Conclusions. The conclusion is based on the need for further theoretical analysis and synthesis of available scientific research on the implementation, opportunities and risks of remote forms of training. Based on the results of a few psychological studies of domestic and foreign authors, it is proved necessary to further study the problem of the influence of remote forms of education on the personality of students, as well as the finding of factors, resources, mechanisms that contribute to the informed adoption and choice of adequate forms and strategies of behavior by participants in the educational process. The importance of finding the personal and environmental resources of a person when emerging from difficult, uncertain situations related to the digitalization of training is justified.

1245
Abstract

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of optimization of didactic conditions of complex support of professional training of specialists for modern esports on the basis of modern digital technologies. The article presents the literature review and the main content of research work aimed at creating it-services "KiberLab", allowing to identify the level of readiness for professional activity of the players and providing the possibility of determining on the basis of preliminary complex diagnostics of the optimal strategy (content, methods and phases) comprehensive support for the professional training of cyberhighway, aimed at improving its gaming potential. The significance of the results obtained and the possibility of using the IT service in the system of professional training of specialists for esports are determined
Materials and Methods. When writing the article, the following methods were used: theoretical analysis of domestic and foreign literary sources; generalization and systematization of the results of a sociological survey of specialists in the field of cyber industry, experimental methods for studying professionally significant characteristics of an esportsman; methods of statistical processing of experimental data, experimental modeling, design and programming of an IT service
Results. Based on the theoretical study of the problem, a model of comprehensive support for professional training of specialists for esports was developed. In order to optimize the diadactic conditions of comprehensive support of professional training of an esports player, an IT service was developed and tested, including safe and effective psychophysiologically based algorithms and methods of professional training and support of esports players. During 2019-2020, on the basis of the Laboratory of Esports Records, tasks were implemented to introduce modern digital technologies into the system of comprehensive support for the professional training of esports athletes. The IT service "Cyber Lab" was developed, which was experimentally tested and implemented in the practical work of the laboratory as part of the ongoing activities to provide comprehensive support for the professional training of esports athletes who are at different stages of professional development. 
60 athletes, including 35 players who expressed their desire and consent to participate in the testing of the new model of support and 25 players included in the comparative study group, took part in the experimental testing of the Model of integrated support for professional training of esports athletes using an automated IT service that allows for a comprehensive study and development of the athlete's playing potential. At the end of the initial survey, individual profiles were compiled that reflect the game potential of each player and the structure of their psychophysiological and psychological indicators that correlate with individual game achievements. The primary identified indicators in the control and experimental groups did not have significant differences, i.e. the initial level in both groups was comparable in all characteristics. Based on the automated comparative analysis of the obtained data, individual recommendations and training programs were developed, aimed at optimizing the psychophysiological prerequisites of the athletes ' playing potential. At the end of the study, in February 2020, a second study of the individual indicators of esports players was conducted. A comparative analysis of the results of the repeated study of the experimental participants showed that the game performance in the experimental group improved by 17.8 % compared to the 9.3% obtained by the players in the comparative analysis group.
Experimental testing of the developed information and digital technology has shown that the use of an automated IT service for comprehensive support of professional training of an esports player contributes not only to increasing its gaming potential, improving game performance indicators (including rating growth), but also to the implementation of health-saving technologies in the professional activity of esports players with different levels of professional skill.
Discussion and Conclusions. The conducted research allowed to draw a conclusion that at the present stage of development of digital technologies it is necessary to carry out development and implementation of effective IT services in the system of complex support of professional training of esports players.

551
Abstract

Introduction. The task of forming of the personality of an officer who possesses not only the sum of knowledge, skills and abilities, but a developed system of values, and, ultimately, intelligence is relevant for modern higher and military schools. To solve this problem, it is necessary not only to properly organize and direct teaching and educational activities, but also to establish the psychological structure of the intelligence of the future officer, as well as the peculiarities of its functioning. The author tackles the issues of researching the concept and structure, as well as identifying the features of the mental functioning of intelligence, based on the use of systemic and interdisciplinary analysis, by studying the array of literature from various areas of social and humanitarian knowledge, while revealing the psychological laws of the real life of intelligence.
The study presents the main scientific results of the theoretical and systemic analysis of the psychological structure of the officer's intelligence, in which the formal, meaningful as well as functional and activity aspects are revealed.
Materials and Methods. As the main research methodology, the authors use axiological, historiographic, systematic, cultural-historical and activity approaches adapted for solving problems. The main research methods were: hypothetical-deductive method; analysis, synthesis, comparison, analogy and abstraction; systematic analysis and modeling.
Results. The main scientific results of the research are the systematic conclusions about the psychological structure of intelligence, generalized by the author, revealed on the one hand, on the basis of the analysis of literary sources, and on the other hand, through the study of its real functioning and being in the mental activity of the individual.
Discussion and Conclusions. The mind of a military intellectual is the functioning of complex mental formations in the structure of the personality, which makes it possible to correlate events and facts of activity with the general life-meaning problems of his subjective being; he is characterized by a developed intellect and the constancy of the application of critical thinking.

PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION AND RELIGIOUS STUDIES

741
Abstract

Introduction. The article analyzes various views expressed in domestic and foreign criticism on the problem of the boundaries and the degree of influence of ancient thought on the Christian tradition. The article analyzes the question not only about the distortion of the ancient philosophy of Christianity, but also about the legitimacy of the influence of the "Hellenic" Christianity itself on the cultures of other peoples. Special attention is paid to the analysis of similarities and differences in approaches to this issue in philosophical thought in the West and in Russian philosophy.
Materials and Methods. The main material for this article is the monograph of G. V. Florovsky's "Christianity and Civilization: Selected works on theology and Philosophy", as well as an extensive article by P. B. Mikhailov – "The concept of Hellenization of Christianity in the history of theology". In addition, the research material is the works of other domestic and foreign authors analyzing the problem under consideration. The article uses the methods of comparative analysis, generalization and historical and philosophical analysis.
Results. The analysis shows that the concept that arose in Protestantism, the substitution of evangelical preaching in the late Christian thought with alien ideas of ancient philosophy, has undergone an evolution. Modern criticism emphasizes that the accusation itself is based on the German philosophy of history, which does not accept the phenomenon of the Gospel as a Tradition, i.e., Traditions. In this way, it divides the Gospel and Tradition and closes the Gospel in a specific historical moment. According to the scholars, it is necessary to distinguish between the declaration of the substitution of the gospel by philosophy as a theoretical assumption, and historical reality, as a process of realization of the Good News that took place in the second century and in subsequent time. At present, the idea of the identity of the internal content of the confessional faith and the diversity of external, cultural forms of its expression is becoming relevant.
Discussion and Conclusions. The author of the study managed to conduct a comparative and systematic analysis of the approaches that determine the strength and scope of the influence of ancient philosophy on Christian theology, in the works of both domestic and foreign thinkers. As a result, the author managed to carry out a comprehensive analysis of various approaches in assessing the degree of influence of ancient philosophy on Christian theology, as well as to trace the evolution of these ideas.



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ISSN 2307-1281 (Online)