STANDARDS OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN THE DIRECTION «ECOLOGY AND NATURE»

Abstract

In this article presents features developed and implemented state-governmental educational standards of three generations in "Ecology and environmental management" from 1994 to this time. There are stages and development contradictions of higher professional environmental education, which is closely related to the educational standards. The first stage of origin and formation of independent ecological specialties is characterized by initial development of the content of vocational training of experts with orientation to the solution of environmental problems. Characteristic feature - lack of division between technical and fundamental (natural-science) ecological specialties, and the main tendency - orientation to again arising scientific directions in ecology. The second stage is characterized by development of the first state educational standard. It is a stage - definitions of requirements to conditions of realization of professional educational programs and allocation of an invariant kernel of the contents of these programs. The third stage - methodical ensuring implementation of the differentiated programs. As the main contradictions of it the following is allocated: between need of introduction of broad training of future experts and limitation of volume of the curriculum; between need of studying of professional disciplines and lack of the corresponding educational and methodical grants.