This article discusses the basic principles, nature and characteristics of the relationship of the peasantry and the Soviets. Based on the analysis of concrete historical material, it is concluded that the system of local authorities did not provide an adequate representation of the interests of the village and was not credible to the Soviets overwhelming majority of the peasantry.

The article deals with the analyses of special aspects of modular organization of training courses for undergraduates and pointing out benefits and draw-backs of such organization of training documentation. Empirical basis of the article represents an experience in teaching of modular course «Russian-foreign literary relations» of the Department of Human sciences of NGPU.

The article studies the language picture of the world of the personality, the specifics of the individual perception of the world, implemented in the language of the writer. The study of the lexico-semantic system of the language is carried out using a field medic.

The article is devoted to the influence of alcohol problems in women of childbearing age during pregnancy on the unborn child. The concept of a fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). We describe the stages of the research project "Prevention of fetal FAS in Russia."

The article discusses issues related to the reform of the judicial system by Catherine II, in particular, the author examines the role and place of the court ashamed, as the sole universal judicial institution. Studied not only the function of this judicial body, but also its social significance in the light of the theory of enlightened absolutism and real jurisprudence.

This article is devoted to the peculiarities of formation and development in XIX- to the beginning of theXX centuries the monetary system of the Nizhny Novgorod province. The article shows the main stages and peculiarities of the financial system in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The author concludes that the Nizhny Novgorod monetary system was similar to the formation stage alongside the rest of Russia. The monetary system of the Nizhny Novgorod province finally formed the beginning of the twentieth century and to operate effectively in providing credit and financial services in the region extending process commercial and industrial growth.

The article is devoted to the implementation of positional approach in creation of optimizing youth environment in educational institutions of Russia. Innovation approach to the role of educational institutions in the problems of young people socialisation in modern society is analised.

The article raises the problem of argumentative technologies working. Three approaches proving availability of argumentation in pedagogical process are introduced. Language aspect of argumentation is considered as well as the key role of rhetorical figures. That is viewed as one of the most important side in forming argumentative technologies in the process of teaching.

The article examines the main ideas of the technology of the problem dialogue, which is a modern educational technology, activity type. The essence of the technology of the problem of the dialogue, its structure, opportunities of realization in professional education.

In article make recommendations about the organization of subject filling of the children's environment providing the organization, harmonious development of the child. The special place in the children's subject environment is taken by zoning of an interior of a nursery. On the basis of it the conclusion is drawn that filling of the environment is the integral development tool of all types of children's activity and the identity of the child as a whole.

The paper analyzes in detail the pedagogical and psycho-pedagogical literature on the issue of professionalism of the teacher in higher education. Various points of view about the essential characteristics of the professionalism of the teacher, are also investigated conditions increase the efficiency of education.

The article describes major levels of life-long continuous environmental education. Environmental education should constitute significant part of modern education, as it facilitates acquisition of environmentally significant skills and knoweledge as well as environmental culture, which is essential for both sustainable development and environment preservation.

The article explores importance of “Social ecology” course in the professional environmental education. The course deals with wide range of interdisciplinary and sociopolitical issues, reinforcing role of environmental education in the development of ethical attitude towards environment in future professionals.

The article deals with the problem of the educational process, the questions connected with the project of Education "Not only bread ... (Christian motives in Ch.Dickens’s novels)" The example of ways and means of visualization is presented: chart Vienna, mind map, visual Models, Bloom's taxonomy. The most important component of educational process is estimation. The total reflection is a final result.

This article includes the analysis of рopulation dynamics, demographic characteristics, structure and migration in the Nizhny Novgorod region. There are also represented peculiarities of demographic processes in municipal areas and urban districts, the main reasons of intraregional differentiation.

This paper discusses the concept of pedagogical design on methodological and theoretical and applied pedagogical levels; discusses the features and aspects of the pedagogical design, economic, scientific, technical, socio- pedagogical, didactic, the basic situation of the system design, methodology of social engineering, the levels of pedagogical design, as well as aspects of the review of the system approach to pedagogical design.

The article is devoted to the analysis of normative documents that regulate activity of the modern education system in the context of professional duties and responsibilities of a school psychologist. Main directions of activity of school psychological service are discussed in accordance with the objectives set by the reform of the Russian education.

Brief abstract: In this work marked the awareness of environmental problems, in connection with than the leading scientists pay special attention to ecological relations of man and nature. This requires the formation of high level of ecological culture among broad layers of the population. This textbook allows the student to form ecological culture on the base of ecological education, upbringing and practical, intellectual, and spiritual attainment.