Features of self-concept of adolescents who are brought up in the conditions of paternal deprivation

Introduction: this article deals with the problem of personal development of adolescents who are brought up in the conditions of paternal deprivation, on the example of the content aspects of the main components of their Self-concept. On the basis of the analysis of the actual data presented in modern studies, the trend of growth in the number of incomplete (maternal) families and the specifics of the development of children and adolescents from such families is stated. The author gives a general assessment of the degree of study of the problem of Self-concept in adolescence and shows its lack of development in relation to adolescents raised in conditions of paternal deprivation.

Materials and Methods: a comparative analysis of the features of the content aspects of the main structural components of the Self-concept of adolescents from full and maternal families, a total of 170 people was carried out. The content characteristics of the cognitive component of the Self-concept –Self-image and the manifestations of the emotional component – Self-rating, including the general self-acceptance of adolescents are studied.

Results: data of some specificity of the formation of Self-concept of adolescents who are brought up in the conditions of paternal deprivation were received. In particular, the study confirmed the hypothesis that paternal deprivation has a significant impact on the content of the adolescent’s Self-image, which is reflected in both quantitative and qualitative features of their Self-descriptions. In addition, the results of comparative analysis it was determined that the presence of adolescents who are brought up mothers to lower performance in most of the parameters of the Self-rating, except in the area of romantic relationships.

Discussion and Conclusions: in general, the results of the study allowed identifying the predominant Self-representation of adolescents from full and maternal families, as well as the nature of their Self-rating in the most important parameters for this age.

1. Agapov V.S. System study of the Self-concept of the subject in Russian psychology. Akmeologiya, 2013, no.1(45), рр. 27-30. (in Russ.)

2. Anderson P. The origins of postmodernism. Moscow, Territoriya budushchego Publ., 2011. 208 р. (in Russ.)

3. Arkhireeva T.V. Gender features of critical self-attitude and its determination in children of primary school age. Kul'turno-istoricheskaya psihologiya, 2011, no.2, рр. 98-105. (in Russ.)

4. Arkhireeva T.V. The main directions of research of the problem of paternity in psychology. Psihologicheskie problemy sovremennoj sem'i: sbornik tezisov VI-oj Mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj konferencii. Chast' 1 / Pod red. O.A.Karabanovoj, E.I.Zaharovoj, S.M.CHurbanovoj, N.N.Vasyagina. Moscow-Zvenigorod, Yekaterinburg, 2015. Pр. 549-564. (in Russ.)

5. Belinskaya E.P. Information socialization of adolescents: experience of using social networks and psychological well-being. Psihologicheskie issledovaniya, 2013, vol.6, no.30, р. 5. Available at: http://psystudy.ru/index.php/num/2013v6n30/858 (accessed: 13.02.2019) (in Russ.)

6. Belinskaya E.P., Tikhomandritskiy O.A. Problems of socialization: history and modernity. Moscow, MPSU Publ.; Voronezh, MODEHK Publ., 2013. 216 р. (in Russ.)

7. Berns R. Development of Self-concept and parenting. Moscow, Progress Publ., 1986. 420 р. (in Russ.)

8. Borisenko Yu.V. Psychology of fatherhood. Moscow-Obninsk, Ig-Socin Publ., 2007. 220 р. (in Russ.)

9. Bubnova I.S., Rorke V.I. Specifics of the current conditions of family upbringing of adolescents and its influence on the formation of their Self-concept. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta, 2013, no.1(72), рр. 211-214. (in Russ.)

10. Buhalenkova D.А., Karabanova O.A. Features of self-assessment in adolescents with a different understanding of success. Nacional'nyj psihologicheskij zhurnal, 2018, no.3(31), рр. 148-157. (in Russ.)

11. Varga A.J., Budinaite G.L. Modern marriage: the new trend. Sistemnaya psihoterapiya supruzheskih par. Moscow, Kogito-Centr Publ., 2017. Pр. 7-24. (in Russ.)

12. Gurko T.A. New family forms: tendencies of distribution and concepts. Sociologicheskie issledovaniya, 2017, no.11, рр. 99-110. (in Russ.)

13. Gurko T.A., Orlova N.A. Personality development of adolescents in different types of families. Sociologicheskie issledovaniya, 2011, no.10, рр. 99-108. (in Russ.)

14. Dolgova V.I., Kosheleva A.A. Phenomenon Self-concept teenager. Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta, 2016, no.7, рр. 139-143. (in Russ.)

15. Dolto F. On the side of the child. Yekaterinburg, Rama Pablishing Publ., 2013. 717 р. (in Russ.)

16. Drandrov G.L., Bogoslova E.G., Sakiev D. N. Criteria for the development of a positive Self-concept of personality. Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal prikladnyh i fundamental'nyh issledovanij, 2017, no.10-1, рр. 143-148. (in Russ.)

17. Dubrovina I.V. Psychological problems of education of children and schoolchildren in the information society. Nacional'nyj psihologicheskij zhurnal, 2018, no.1(29), рр. 6-16. (in Russ.)

18. Emelin V.A. The сrisis of postmodernism and the loss of a stable identity. Nacional'nyj psihologicheskij zhurnal, 2017, no. 2(26), рр. 5-15. (in Russ.)

19. Zootovarov N.I. Features of "Self-image", "street" adolescents. Vestnik Kyrgyzsko-Rossijskogo slavyanskogo universiteta, 2011, no.11-1, рр. 44-49. (in Russ.)

20. Ivanchenko V.A. Some aspects of personal education in a single-parent family (based on the research of Russian and foreign authors). Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie psyedu.ru, 2011, no.3. Available at: http://psyjournals.ru/files/47081/psyedu_ru_2011_3_Ivanchenko.pdf (accessed: 13.02.2019) (in Russ.)

21. Istratova O.N., Yatsenko A.V. The Role of the family in the formation of Self-concept of modern adolescents. European Social Science Journal, 2013, no. 9-2(36), рр. 263-268. (in Russ.)

22. Kalina O.G., Kholmogorova A.B. The role of the father in the mental development of the child: monograph. Moscow, INFRA-M Publ., 2017. 112 р. (in Russ.)

23. Knyazeva T.N., Semenova L.E. Teenager in the mirror of social problems: gender-phenomenological analysis: monograph. Moscow, FLINTA Publ.; N.Novgorod: Mininskij universitet Publ., 2017. 172 р. (in Russ.)

24. Kon I.S. Discovery оf "Self". Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1978. 367 р. (in Russ.)

25. Kon I.S. А boy-father of a man. Moscow, Time Publ., 2017. 704 р. (in Russ.)

26. Krasilnikova E.N. Integrated identity of the fathers: personal and provisional development: the dissertation of the candidate of psychological sciences. Moscow, 2015. 193 p. (in Russ.)

27. Mantrova M.S. Development of the Self-image of modern teenagers: the dissertation of the candidate of psychological sciences. Orenburg, 2013. 262 р. (in Russ.)

28. Meloyan A.E., Semenova L.E., Chevachina A.V. Features of the manifestation of protective mechanisms in the development of self-adolescents from complete and incomplete families. Vestnik Mininskogo universiteta, 2015, no. 2. Available at: https://vestnik.mininuniver.ru/jour/article/view/39 (accessed: 12.02.2019) (in Russ.)

29. Muratova D.S., Filippova E.V. The Idea of the father and the attitude to the future in teenage girls brought up in divorced families. Na poroge vzrosleniya: sbornik nauchnyh statej tret'ej Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Seriya «Psihologiya razvitiya». Moscow, MGPPU Publ., 2011. Pр. 137-147. (in Russ.)

30. Polivanova K.N. Modern parenthood as a subject of research. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie psyedu. ru, 2015, no.7-3. Available at: http://psyjournals.ru/psyedu_ru/2015/n3/polivanova.shtml (accessed: 13.02.2019) (in Russ.)

31. Polivanova K.N., Smirnov I.B. That in profile you my: data "Vkontakte" as tool studying interests modern teenagers. Voprosy obrazovaniya, 2017, no.2, рр. 134-152. (in Russ.)

32. Radugin A.A., Gurina E.M. Main characteristics of the postmodern era. Omskij nauchnyj vestnik, 2014, no.5, рр. 88-91. (in Russ.)

33. Selivanova Z.K. Value world of Russian teenagers: formation, dynamics, management (sociological aspect): monograph. Moscow, MEI Publ., 2013. 200 p. (in Russ.)

34. Semenova L.E., Semenova V.E., Shashkina N.P. Real and mirror "I" of senior preschoolers with normal and delayed rate of mental development. Sistemnaya psihologiya i sociologiya, 2017, no.4, рр. 53-64. (in Russ.)

35. Semenova L.E., Shashkina N.P. Gender specificity of ideal and antiideal "I" of children 7 years with mental retardation. Defektologiya, 2014, no.5, рр. 34-45. (in Russ.)

36. Semenova L.E., Shashkina N.P., Barmenkov Yu.V. Features of manifestation of empathy in boys with normal and delayed rate of mental development, brought up in conditions of paternal deprivation. Psihologiya, sociologiya i pedagogika, 2015, no.9. Available at: http://psychology.snauka.ru/2015/09/5801 (accessed: 13.02.2019) (in Russ.)

37. Sokolikova N.M. Reflection of the "Self-image" in the drawings of children from incomplete (divorced) families. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie, 2009, no.5, рр. 45-51. (in Russ.)

38. Talakova E.A. Gender features of Self-concept in the process of personal formation of primary school children: the dissertation of the candidate of psychological sciences. Nizhny Novgorod, 2012. 186 p. (in Russ.)

39. Tolstykh N.N., Parishioners A.M. Psychology of adolescence. Moscow, Yurajt Publ., 2018. 406 p. (in Russ.)

40. Figdor G. Сhildren of divorced parents: between trauma and hope: a psychoanalytic study. Moscow, Science Publ., 1995. 376 p. (in Russ.)

41. Fontalba N.S. The issue of self-relation of adolescents from single-parent and full families. Sibirskij psihologicheskij zhurnal, 2005, no.21, рр. 103-105. (in Russ.)

42. Huhlaevа O.V. Рsychology of a teenager. Moscow, Academy Publ., 2008. 160 p. (in Russ.)

43. Churilova E.V., Oreshkova D.D. Childhood in a single-parent family: the impact on the growing of girls. Ehkonomicheskie i gumanitarnye nauki, 2015, no.10, рр. 3-12. (in Russ.)

44. Shapoval I.A., Fominykh E.S. The Self-relation as a phenomenological field of diagnostic psychological boundaries of the individual and her health. Klinicheskaya i special'naya psihologiya, 2018, vol.7, no.1, рр. 13-27. (in Russ.)

45. Bello C.B, Irinoye O., Akpor O.A. Health status of families: A comparative study of one-parent and two-parent families in Ondo State, Nigeria. African Journal Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, 2018, vol.10(1), рp. 167-173.

46. Berger U., Keshet H. Gilboa-Schechtman E. Self-evaluations in social anxiety: The combined role of explicit and implicit social-rank. Personality and Individual Differences, 2017, vol. 104, pр. 368-373.

47. Bukhalenkova D.A., Karabanova O.A. Perception of Success in Adolescents. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2016, vol.233, pр. 13-17.

48. Duineveld J.J., Parker P.D., Ryan R.M., Ciarrochi J., Salmela-Aro K. The link between perceived maternal and paternal autonomy support and adolescent well-being across three major educational transitions. Developmental Psychology, 2017, vol.53(10), pp. 1978-1994.

49. Gasser G., Stefan M. (eds.) Personal Identity: Complex or Simple? Cambridge University Press, 2013. 268 р.

50. Gladkova A.A. 2013 The role of television in cultivating the values of pluralism and cultural diversity in children. Psychology in Russia: State of the Art, 2013, no.6, pр. 138-143.

51. Hall G.S. Adolescence: Its Psychology and Its relations to Physiology, Anthropology, Sociology, Sex, Crime, Religion and Education. Classics in the History of Psychology, 2011, retrieved 16, November, pp. 341-347.

52. Hess R., Handel G. Family Worlds: A Psychosocial Approach to Family Life. Transaction Publishers, 2016. 320 p.

53. Jekauc D., Wagner M.O., Herrmann C., Hegazy K., Woll A. Does Physical Self-Concept Mediate the Relationship between Motor Abilities and Physical Activity in Adolescents and Young Adults? PloS one, 2017, no.12(1), pp. 122-134.

54. Khan S. et al. Exploring the Relationship between Adolescents' Self-Concept and their Offline and Online Social Worlds. Computers in Human Behavior, 2016, vol. 55, pp. 940-945.

55. Kuruzovic N. Characteristics of adolescents friendship relations: a longitudinal study of the quality, length, stability and reciprocity. Facta Universitatis, 2015, vol.2(14), pp. 115-129.

56. Marino C., Gini G., Vieno A., Spada M.M. The associations between problematic Facebook use, psychological distress and well-being among adolescents and young adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2018, vol.226, pp. 274-281.

57. Markus H., Ruvolo A. Possible selves: Personalized representations of goals // Goal concepts in personality and social psychology / In L.A.Pervin (Ed.). London-New York: Psychology Pres, 2015. Рp. 211-241.

58. Meeus W. Adolescent psychosocial development: A review of longitudinal models and research. Developmental Psychology, 2016, vol.52(12), pp. 1969-1993.

59. Nelson S.C., Kling J., Wängqvist M., Frisén A., Syed M. Identity and the body: Trajectories of body esteem from adolescence to emerging adulthood. Developmental Psychology, 2018, vol.54(6), pp. 1159-1171.

60. Rattay P., Von der Lippe E., Mauz E., Richter F., Hölling H., Lange C., Lampert T. Health and health risk behaviour of adolescents – Differences according to family structure. Results of the German KiGGS cohort study. PloS one, 2018, no.13(3), pp. 241-251.

61. Van Lissa C.J., Keizer R., Van Lier P.A.C., Meeus W.H.J., Branje S. The role of fathers’ versus mothers’ parenting in emotion-regulation development from mid-late adolescence: Disentangling between-family differences from within-family effects. Developmental Psychology, 2019, vol.55(2), pp. 377-389.