CRITICISM OF PROGRESS AND ITS ETHICAL EVALUATION FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE NATIONAL “APOCALYPTIC CULTURE” OF THE TURN OF THE XIXTH AND XXTH CENTURIES

Introduction: The approaches to understanding the crisis of culture in the context of Russian philosophical thought at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries are considered in this article. The relevance of the topic of the article is in similarity of spiritual situation in that era and in modern Russia.

Materials and methods: The research material is a tripartite structure that characterizes the crisis of culture; “Russian spiritual tradition” – criticism of cultural progress in the second half of the 19th century - the Apocalyptica of culture of the Silver Age.

In the article the methodology of historical and philosophical analysis is used, combined with the practice of a phenomenological description of cultural phenomena and the spiritual history of the country. From the methodological point of view it is a question of revealing of philosophical and culturological aspect of the problem. Such categories as “progress” and relationship between “good” and “evil” in the context of culture are studied there.

Results: In the process of disclosure of these categories, their positive and negative sides are examined which gives an insight into the spiritual state of culture and the ways of finding new worldview and value paradigms for it. The result of the article is the formulation of an understanding of Russian culture and thought in the second half of the XIX^th and XX^th centuries that it has one of the main and fundamental themes – the theme of the end of the world and history.

Discussion and Conclusions: Within the framework of disclosure of the stated problems it offers the analysis optics according to which the crisis state of culture is investigated in terms of the categories of Christian Apocalypse. At the same time historical, cultural and ethical problems are revealed in the development of Russian philosophy.

culture, the Apocalypse, “the Apocalyptica of culture”, crisis, progress, “New Middle Ages”, good, evil, being of a man, general

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