The anthropology of Islamic modernism – Jadidism

Introduction. This article is an attempt to study the anthropological views of Jadidism, one of the trends of Islamic modernist reformism aimed at bringing Muslim fundamental religious values closer to secular European culture. In an attempt to bring traditional Muslim anthropological categories closer to the European humanistic understanding of man, Jadid thought forms an updated Westernized version of Muslim anthropology.

Materials and Methods. The material for the article was the researches of R. S. Khakimov, H. Bekiri, A. H. Basyrov, D. M. Iskhakov, M. Iqbal, M. Аbduh, G. Marranci, devoted to the analysis of anthropological concepts of Jadidism, formulating the basic principles of human perception by Islamic modernism. The article uses methods of systematic and comparative analysis, generalization and historical and philosophical analysis.

Results. The conducted research shows that Jadidism develops the concepts of human freedom and personality, overcoming the determinism traditional for Islam, rethinks the anthropic principle in religious Muslim categories. The emphasis is placed on the personal beginning of a person, the center of his activity, due to the rational component and the presence of free will. Using these tools, a person communicates with the divine principle through the knowledge of the universe, synergistically applying the religious precepts of Islam in combination with the current scientific picture of the world. At the same time, the process of self-knowledge of a person as essentially refracting the divine nature in his nature is also important.

Discussion and Conclusions. The author of the study managed to conduct a comparative, systematic and historical-philosophical analysis of the anthropological positions of Islamic modernist reformism – Jadidism – in the works of both domestic and foreign thinkers. As a result, the author managed to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the basic anthropological principles of Jadidism, as well as to trace the influence of various factors on the formation of the anthropology of Islamic modernism.

1. Abdo Muhammad. Treatise on Monotheism / translator and executive editor F. O. Nofal; under general editorship D. V. Mukhetdinova. Moscow, Publishing House “Medina”, 2021. 268 p. (In Russ.)

2. Basyrov A. H. Jadidism: social and philosophical analysis: the dissertation of the candidate of philosophical sciences / Bashkir State Medical University. Ufa, 2009. 140 p. (In Russ.)

3. Bekiri H. Islamic modernism and postmodernism. Darul'-Fikr. Islamskij obrazovatel'nyj portal. Available at: https://darulfikr.ru/articles/islamskij-modernizm-i-postmodernizm/ (accessed: 11.06.2023). (In Russ.)

4. Birindzhkar Rida. Introduction to Islamic sciences: kalam, falsafa, irfan: in 3 hours / translation from Persian S. Khodzhanyozova; preface, comments and general editorship I. A. Tairova. Moscow, OOO «Sarda» Publ., 2014. 304 p. (In Russ.)

5. Volobuev A. V. The concept of man in the anthropology of Islam: the dissertation of the candidate of philosophical sciences / Moscow State University M. V. Lomonosov. Moscow, 2012. 103 p. (In Russ.)

6. Evdokimov I. V., Gorbunov S. N. The phenomenon of Jadidism as a modernist direction of Islam in Russia. Evrazijskij yuridicheskij zhurnal, 2021, no. 5 (156), pp. 498-500. (In Russ.)

7. Evdokimov I. V. Koranic anthropology. Historical, philosophical, political and legal sciences, cultural studies and art history. Voprosy teorii i praktiki, 2016, no. 12-3 (74), pp. 66-69. (In Russ.)

8. Evdokimov I. V. The phenomenon of Jadidism in domestic religious culture at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. Trudy Nizhegorodskoj Duhovnoj seminarii, 2021, no. 19, pp. 481-491. (In Russ.)

9. Ermishina K. B. Religious anthropology. Moscow, Publishing House of the Orthodox St. Tikhon's Humanitarian University, 2013. 480 p. (In Russ.)

10. ZHuravskij A. V. Ideas about man in the Koran and the New Testament. Azbuka very. URL: http://azbyka.ru/religii/islam/predstavlenija-o-cheloveke-v-korane-i-v-novom-zavete-all.shtml#1 (accessed: 11.06.2023). (In Russ.)

11. Ikbal M. Reconstruction of religious thought in Islam / translation from English, preface and comments M. T. Stepanyants. Moscow, Izdatel'skaya firma "Vostochnaya literatura" RAN Publ., 2002. 200 p. (In Russ.)

12. Iskhakov D. M. The phenomenon of Tatar Jadidism: an introduction to sociocultural understanding. Kazan, 1997. 80 p. (In Russ.)

13. Mihajlov YU. A. It’s time to understand the Koran: a collection of articles. 3rd edition, revised and expanded. Moscow, Nauchno-izdatel'skij centr «Ladomir» Publ., 2008. 208 p. (In Russ.)

14. Mutahkhari M. Man and faith. Man from the point of view of the Koran. Moscow, Istok Publishing House, 2009. 184 p. (In Russ.)

15. Hakimov R. S. Jadidism (reformed Islam). Kazan, 2010. 207 p. (In Russ.)

16. Hoking S., Mlodinov L. The shortest history of time. St. Petersburg, 2007. 176 p. (In Russ.)

17. Cekhmistro I. Z. Scientific picture of the world of the last twenty years: a radical change in the anthropological perspective. Nauka i bogoslovie: antropologicheskaya perspektiva. Moskva, 2004. Pp. 188-202. (In Russ.)

18. Marranci Gabrielle. The anthropology of Islam. United Kingdom, Biddles Ltd., King’s Lynn, 2008. 182 p.

19. Sedgwick M. Muhammad Abduh. Oxford, Oneworld, 2009.

20.