Human self-determination in higher education: possibilities of antropological and technological solution of the problem
https://doi.org/10.26795/2307-1281-2023-11-1-2
Abstract
Introduction. The purpose of this article is to argue dialogue philosophy and pedagogy, when these both knowledge decide problem of a person’ self-determination in social institute of education.
Materials and Methods. Philosophical concept of a person is offered as methodology for researches of pedagogical self-determinate’s problem. The focus are two abilities of a person. There are reflection and transcending. The study of the famous philosophical anthropologists (G. Zimmel, M. Scheler, Z. Bauman, M. Foucault, V. Podoroga,L.G., Tulchinskii and etc.) makes an opportunities to receive the wealth theoretical material. The first, this material concerns impossibility of human’s logical determination because a human can be identified only ontologically. This definition concerns the way of his being. The secondly, the article affirms an education as authentic way of person’s being, which gives him constant incompleteness and endless desire for self-detrmination. The way of comparative analysis is used to find differences between the concepts of a person and his self-determination in classical (metaphysical) philosophy and in modernity postmetaphysical philosophy. The way of conceptual analysis helped to express the key concepns of the topic – humun, education, self-dtterminate.
Results and Discussion. The determination of education and seff-determination as the way of person being have the next conclusions. The First conclusion concern specific characteristics of a person (reflective intelligence and transcending, permanent formation of oneself and search for one's essence. The second conclusion is the next. The social institute of education originates and historically develops as the aid to a person at his educational way of being. A person receives educational knowledge and the methodology and the technology of teaching and learning is developed here. The presented material can contributes to the practical solution of self-determination as pedagogical problem. Philosophical methodology promotes analysis of pedagogical practices, focused for the solution of subject’s formation, comprehension of identity and student’s identification, his re-identity and re-determination. These processes are relevanted today.
Conclusions. The conclusion is made about the necessity for cooperation between philosophy and pedagogy. Notable features of modernity (rizomaticity – j. Deleuze, displacement of center and periphery – J Derrida, fluidity – Z. Bauman) make it possible to comprehend pedagogical ways, what take into consideration modernity understanding of a person and his self-determination. The question about the actions the pedagogical techniques and role of human’s inner peace requires special attenttial.
About the Author
G. I. PetrovaRussian Federation
Galina I. Petrova, doctor of philosophical science, professor
Tomsk
Researcher ID: O-5764-2014
References
1. Fuko M. Hermeneutics of the subject / translation from French by A. G. Pogonyailo. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2007. 680 p. (In Russ.)
2. Batler Dzh. The psyche of power. St. Petersburg, SPbGU Publ., 2020. 160 p. (In Russ.)
3. Bauman Z. Globalization. Consequences for the individual and society: translation from English. Moscow, Ves' Mir Publ., 2004. 188 p. Available at: http://yanko.lib.ru/books/cultur/bauman-globalizaciya-8l.pdf (accessed: 25. 07. 2022). (In Russ.)
4. Svas'yan K. A. Prooemium. Voprosy filosofii, 2010, no. 2, pp. 3-13. (In Russ.)
5. Trufanova E. O. Man in the labyrinth of identities. Voprosy filosofii, 2010, no. 2, pp. 13-22. (In Russ.)
6. Bauman Z. Fluid modernity: a view from 2011: a lecture. Available at: http://polit.ru/article/2011/05/06/bauman/ (accessed: 21. 06. 2022). (In Russ.)
7. Bauman Z. Individualized society. Moscow, Logos Publ., 2005. 390 p. Available at: https://socioline.ru/files/5/39/bauman_zigmunt_-_individualizirovannoe_obshchestvo-2005.pdf (accessed: 25. 07. 2022). (In Russ.)
8. Riker P. I am like another. Moscow, Humanitarian Literature Publishing House, 2008. 416 p. Available at: http://www.odinblago.ru/ya_sam_drugoi/ (accessed: 25. 07. 2022). (In Russ.)
9. Riker P. Narrative identity. Germenevtika. Etika. Politika. Moscow, AO “KAMI” Publ., «Academia» Publ., 1995. 160 p. (In Russ.)
10. Mamardashvili M. K. A possible person. Moscow, Ripol Klassik Publ., 2019. 495 p. (In Russ.)
11. Trubina E. G. Narrated I: the problem of personal identity in the philosophy of modernity. Ekaterinburg, UrO RAN Publ., 1995. 151 p. (In Russ.)
12. Tul'chinskij G. L. Image phenomenology and identity metaphysics. Simvoly, obrazy, stereotipy: istoricheskij i ekzistencial'nyj opyt. St. Petersburg, Ejdos Publ., 2000. 365 p. Available at: http://hpsy.ru/public/x3128.htm (accessd: 25.07.2022). (In Russ.)
13. Morozova O. O. Human corporeality as an existential: socio-philosophical analysis: dissertation abstract of Doctor of Philosophy. Kazan, 2017. 24 p. Available at: https://www.dissercat.com/content/chelovecheskaya-telesnost-kak-ekzistentsial-sotsialno-filosofskii-analiz (accessed: 03. 07. 2022). (In Russ.)
14. Gusakovskij M. A. Modern discourse of education at the university: changing the rules of the game. Obrazovatel'nye tekhnologii, 2017, no. 2, pp. 30-42. Available at: https://www.iedtech.ru/files/journal/2017/2/4_2-2017.pdf (accessed: 25. 07. 2022). (In Russ.)
15. SHeler M. The position of man in space / translation by A. Filippov. Problema cheloveka v zapadnoj filosofii: perevody / sost. i poslesl. P. S. Gurevicha; obshch. red. Yu. N. Popova. Moscow, Progress Publ., 1988. 552 p. Available at: http://anthropology.ru/ru/text/sheler-m/polozhenie-cheloveka-v-kosmose (accessed: 25.07.2022). (In Russ.)
16. Malinkin A. The Concept of Phenomenology by Max Scheler. Scheler vs Husserl. Moscow, OOO «Russkaya shkola» Publ., 2019. Available at: https://www.litres.ru/a-n-malinkin/koncepciya-fenomenologii-maksa-shelera-sheler-vs-gusserl/chitat-onlayn/ (accessed: 25. 07. 2022). (In Russ.)
17. Zimmel' G. Contemplation of life. Four metaphysical chapters. Ch. I: Transcendence of life. Zimmel' G. Izbrannoe. T. II: Sozercanie zhizni. Moscow, Yurist Publ., 1996. (In Russ.)
18. Sheler M. Forms of knowledge and education. Izbrannye proizvedeniya / pod red. A. V. Denezhkina. Moscow, Gnozis Publ., 1994. Pp. 15-56. (In Russ.)
19. Platon. Timaeus. Platon. Sobranie sochinenij: v 4 tomah. Moscow, 1994. Vol. 3, 72 а-в. (In Russ.)
20. Gessen S. I. Fundamentals of Pedagogy. Introduction to applied philosophy / otv. ed. and comp. P. V. Alekseev. Moscow, SHkola-Press Publ., 1995. 448 p. Available at: https://textarchive.ru/c-1655102-pall.html (accessed: 26. 07. 2022). (In Russ.)