Formation and development of pedagogical education in Russia: XVIII - XX centuries

Introduction. The article summarizes the results of the authors' long-term research work devoted to the study of the history of the development of the domestic system of teacher education.

Materials and Methods. The research is based on the analysis of a complex of various sources: regulatory documents of different years, monographs, articles. dissertation research, materials of pedagogical periodicals, memoirs. A large place is occupied by the study of archival sources from four archives of the country: the Central Historical Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod Region (TsANO); State Archives of the Russian Federation (GARF); Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA); Central Historical Archive of Moscow (CIAM). The main research methods were: critical analysis of historical sources, historical reconstruction, historical-genetic, historical-comparative.

Results. Based on the study and analysis of all the collected materials, the article determines a set of factors that have had the greatest impact on the development of the domestic system of teacher education since its inception in the second half of the 18th century: socio-economic, socio-cultural and cognitive factors. Based on the study of the combination and mutual influence of these factors, the authors in different years, the authors distinguish four historical periods in the development of the domestic system of pedagogical education: pre-revolutionary, post-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet. In each historical period, the leading theoretical model of the professional training of a teacher that meets the requirements of the time is determined (a kind of paradigm of pedagogical education), its characteristics are given and trends in the historical development of the domestic system of pedagogical education are substantiated.

Discussion and Conclusions. On the basis of the conducted historical reconstruction, it is concluded that many modern directions of reforming pedagogical education continue the trends of its historical development.

1. Borisenkov V.P. Strategy of educational reforms in Russia (1985-2005). Pedagogika, 2006, no. 7, pp. 3-16. (In Russ.)

2. Belozercev E.P. Higher pedagogical school in the system of continuous education of the teacher: the author's abstract of the dissertation of the doctor of pedagogical sciences in the form of a scientific report: 13.00.01. Leningrad, 1990. 36 p. (In Russ.)

3. Belozyorcev E.P. Teacher training in the context of perestroika. Moscow, Pedagogika Publ., 1989. 208 p. (In Russ.)

4. Annual report of the Gorky Pedagogical Institute for 1959-60 academic year. year. Central Archives of the Nizhny Novgorod Region (TsANO). F. 2734. Op. 9. D. 124. L. 56. (In Russ.)

5. Knyazev E.A. Development of higher pedagogical education in Russia (second half of the 18th - beginning of the 20th century): author's abstract of the dissertation of the doctor of pedagogical sciences: 13.00.01. Moscow, 2002. 46 p. (In Russ.)

6. The concept of teacher education. Moscow, USSR State Committee for Public Education Publ., 1989. 18 p. (In Russ.)

7. Kozyreva O.A. Pedagogical modeling in the professional activity of a teacher and a scientific-pedagogical worker. Vestnik Mininskogo universiteta, 2020, vol. 8, no. 2. Available at: https://vestnik.mininuniver.ru/jour/issue/view/35/showToc (accessed: 10.09.2020). (In Russ.)

8. Ilaltdinova E.YU., Aksyonov S.I. Historical context of modernization of pedagogical education. Vestnik Mininskogo universiteta, 2016, no. 2(15), p. 15. Available at: https://vestnik.mininuniver.ru/jour/article/view/200/201 (accessed: 10.09.2020). (In Russ.)

9. Margolis A.A. Problems and prospects for the development of pedagogical education in the Russian Federation. Psihologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie, 2014, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 41-57. (In Russ.)

10. Materials of the All-Russian Conference on Pedagogical Education. Gosudarstvennyj arhiv Rossijskoj Federacii (GARF). F. A-1565. Op. 6. D. 344. L. 3 – 4. (In Russ.)

11. Nevzorova A.V. The main trends and prospects for the development of pedagogical education. YAroslavskij psihologicheskij vestnik, 2018, issue 3 (42), pp. 31-35. (In Russ.)

12. Nikitina L.E. Forecasting the development of the educational situation. Pedagogika, 2006, no. 10, pp. 28-36. (In Russ.)

13. Nizhny Novgorod pedagogical. Pages of history. Nizhny Novgorod, NGPU Publ., 2001. 313 p. (In Russ.)

14. Essays on the history of school and pedagogical thought of the peoples of the USSR, 1961 - 1986. / ed. F.G. Panachin, M.N. Kolmakov, Z.I. Ravkin. Moscow, Pedagogika Publ., 1987. 366 p. (In Russ.)

15. Panachin F.G. Pedagogical Education in Russia: Historical and Pedagogical Essays. Moscow, Pedagogika Publ., 1979. 215 p. (In Russ.)

16. Panachin F.G. Pedagogical education in the USSR. The most important stages in history and the current state. Moscow, Pedagogika Publ., 1975. 218 p. (In Russ.)

17. Slepenkova E.A. Development of the system of domestic pedagogical education in the XX century (beginning of the century - 30s): teaching aid. Nizhny Novgorod, NGPU Publ., 2006. 115 p. (In Russ.)

18. Slepenkova E.A. Formation and development of pedagogical research activities of the future teacher of the national school in the XX century: monograph. Nizhny Novgorod, NGPU Publ., 2008. 248 p. (In Russ.)

19. Spirin L.V. General pedagogical professiogram. Moscow, Rossijskoe pedagogicheskoe agentstvo Publ., 1997. 34 p. (In Russ.)

20. Pletenyova I.F. Formation and development of higher pedagogical education in Russia: the author's abstract of the dissertation of the doctor of pedagogical sciences: 13.00.01. Moscow, 1996. 32 p. (In Russ.)

21. Frolov A.A., Aksyonov S.I. The legacy of A.S. Makarenko in the history of pedagogy and education. Vospitanie shkol'nikov, 2017, no. 2, pp. 66-73. (In Russ.)

22. CHistyakova S.N., Sokolova I.I. About the project "Concept of support for the development of pedagogical education". Pedagogika, 2014, no. 5, pp. 87-94. (In Russ.)

23. SHCHerbakov A.I. Professiogram of a teacher of the Soviet school. Problemy professional'noj podgotovki studentov pedvuzov i universitetov: sbornik nauchnyh trudov. Moscow, Rotaprint NII OP APN SSSR Publ., 1976. Pp. 24-33. (In Russ.)