mininuniverВестник Мининского университетаVestnik of Minin University2307-1281Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical Universitymininuniver-303Research ArticleИСТОРИЯ ПЕДАГОГИКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯHISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATIONСТАТУС ШКОЛЬНОГО УЧИТЕЛЯ ЭПОХИ РЕНЕССАНСА: ФЕНОМЕН ШКОЛЫ СВ. ПАВЛАSTATUS OF SCHOOL TEACHER OF THE RENAISSANCE: THE PHENOMENON OF ST. PAUL’S SCHOOLСофроноваЛ.SofronovaL. V.

доктор исторических наук, профессор

Doctor of History, professor

Lidiasof@yandex.ruХазинаА.KhazinaA. V.

кандидат исторических наук, заведующий кафедрой всеобщей истории, классических дисциплин и права

PhD in History, Head of the Department of General History and Classical Disciplines and Law

Annh1@yandex.ruНижегородский государственный педагогический университет имени Козьмы МининаРоссияMinin Nizhny Novgorod Statе Pedagogical UniversityRussian Federation201604092017042222Copyright © Софронова Л.V., Хазина А.V., 20172017Софронова Л., Хазина А.Sofronova L.V., Khazina A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.minin-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/303

Авторы анализируют малоизвестный в отечественной историко-педагогической литературе источник - Устав грамматической школы св. Павла, созданной при соборе св. Павла в Лондоне по инициативе и на средства настоятеля собора, известного английского христианского мыслителя предреформационной эпохи Джона Колета (1467-1519). Несмотря на давние прецеденты, основание Дж. Колетом новой школе было воспринято современниками как неординарное событие и упомянуто в хрониках. Школа св. Павла, будучи свободна от церковной юрисдикции, управлялась светским органом - попечительским советом компании купцов-мерсеров. В соответствии с Уставом, материальное и социальное положение учителей школы во многом отличалось от традиционно низкого в позднесредневековом социуме статуса учителя. Высокий уровень жалованья, выплата пенсий по старости и нетрудоспособности, а также предоставление бесплатного жилья в специально построенном учительском доме свидетельствуют о признании Колетом важной роли учителя в деле христианского просвещения и духовно-нравственного обновления общества. Авторы предлагают первый русский перевод отрывка из Устава школы св. Павла, касающегося учительской темы.

The authors analyze the historical account that was little-known to the national historical and pedagogical tradition, namely «The Statute of St. Paul’s grammar school» established at St. Paul Cathedral on the initiative and at the expense of the cathedral’s dean John Colet (1467-1519), the famous English Christian thinker of the pre-Reformation time. The article observes that, despite the long-standing precedents, Colet’s foundation of a new school was perceived by contemporaries as an extraordinary event which was mentioned in the chronicles. The St. Paul’s School, free from ecclesiastical jurisdiction, was ruled by a secular body - the School Board of the Mercer-merchants («Mercers Wardens and Surveyors»). According to the Statutes, the material and social status of teachers at the school was in many ways much higher compared to the traditionally low status of teachers in the late medieval society. The high level of salaries, pensions for old age and disability, as well as the provision of free housing in a specially constructed teacher's building testify to Colet's high appreciation of the importance of the teachers’ role for the Christian education, spiritual and moral renewal of society. The authors put forward the first Russian translation of «The Statute of St. Paul’s grammar school»’ fragment concerning the teacher’s status and relative topics.

ренессансная педагогикаДжон Колетпросвещениешкола св. ПавлаучительУставpedagogy of the RenaissanceJohn Coleteducationgrammar st. PaulschoolmercersteacherStatutesReferencesСофронова Л.В. Грамматическая школа св. Павла: диалог традиции и новаторства в педагогической концепции «христианского гуманизма» // Актуальные проблемы исторической науки и творческое наследие С.И. Архангельского. Материалы Всероссийской конференции. Н. Новгород, 2005. С. 106-120.Sofronova L.V. Grammaticheskaja shkola sv. Pavla: dialog tradicii i novatorstva v pedagogicheskoj koncepcii «hristianskogo gumanizma» [The Grammar school of st. Paul: the dialog between tradition and innovation in the pedagogical concept of Christian humanism]. Aktual'nye problemy istoricheskoj nauki i tvorcheskoe nasledie S.I. Arhangel'skogo. Materialy Vserossijskoj konferencii [Actual problems of historical studies and the creative heritage of Sergey Arkhangelskiy. The conference’s accounts].Nizhny Novgorod, 2005. Pp. 106-120. (In Russian)Софронова Л.В. Джон Колет. Опыт реставрации образа христианского мыслителя ренессансной эпохи. Н. Новгород, 2009.Sofronova L.V. Dzhon Kolet. Opyt restavracii obraza hristianskogo myslitelja renessansnoj jepohi [John Colet: the experience of restoration of the Renaissance Christian thinker]. Nizhny Novgorod, 2009. (In Russian)Софронова Л.В. Джон Колет: христианский мыслитель ренессансной эпохи. М.-СПб., 2016.Sofronova L.V. Dzhon Kolet: hristianskij myslitel' renessansnoj jepohi [John Colet: Christian Thinker of the Renaissance]. Moscow – St. Petersburg, 2016. (In Russian)Сперанский Н. Очерки по истории народной школы в Западной Европе. М., 1896.Speranskij N. Ocherki po istorii narodnoj shkoly v Zapadnoj Evrope [Essays on the History of Public School in the Western Europe]. Moscow, 1896. (In Russian)Archaeologia or Miscellaneous tracts. Vol. 62. Part I. London: Society of Antiquaries of London, 1910.Archaeologia or Miscellaneous tracts. Vol. 62. Part I. London: Society of Antiquaries of London, 1910.Colet J. Statuta Paulinae Scholae. Statutes of St.Paul’s School // Lupton J.H. A Life of John Colet. Appendix A. P. 271-284.Colet J. Statuta Paulinae Scholae. Statutes of St.Paul’s School // Lupton J.H. A Life of John Colet. Appendix A. Pp. 271-284.Curtis S.J. History of Education in Great Britain. London, 1965.Curtis S.J. History of Education in Great Britain. London, 1965.Educational Charters and Documents / Ed. A.F. Leach. Cambridge, 1911.Educational Charters and Documents / Ed. A.F. Leach. Cambridge, 1911.English Historical Documents. Vol. V. 1484-1558 / Ed. C.H. Williams. London, 1967.English Historical Documents. Vol. V. 1484-558 / Ed. C.H. Williams. London, 1967.Erasmus of Rotterdam. On the method of study / Trans. and annot. B. McGregor // Collected Works of Erasmus. Toronto /Buffalo /- London, 1974. V. 24. P. 661-691.Erasmus of Rotterdam. On the method of study / Trans. and annot. B. McGregor // Collected Works of Erasmus. Toronto /Buffalo /- London, 1974. V. 24. Pp. 661- 691.Erasmus Roterodami De ratione studii ac legend interpretandique auctores // Opera Omnia. Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami. Recognita et adnotatione critica instructa notisque illustrata. Ordo1. T II. Amsterdam, 1962. P. 111-151.Erasmus Roterodami De ratione studii ac legend interpretandique auctores // Opera Omnia. Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami. Recognita et adnotatione critica instructa notisque illustrata. Ordo1. T II. Amsterdam, 1962. Pp. 111-151.Erasmus Desiderius. Opus epistolarum Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami / Ed. P.S. Allen, H.M. Allen, H.W. Garrod. 12 vols. Oxford, 1906-1958.Erasmus Desiderius. Opus epistolarum Desiderii Erasmi Roterodami / Ed. P. S. Allen, H. M. Allen, H. W. Garrod. 12 vols. Oxford, 1906-1958.Holinshed R. Chronicles, beginning at Duke William the Norman, commonly called The Conqueror and Descending by Degrees of Years to all the kings and queens of England. Vol. III. London,1577.Holinshed R. Chronicles, beginning at Duke William the Norman, commonly called The Conqueror and Descending by Degrees of Years to all the kings and queens of England. Vol. III. London,1577.Leach A.F. The Schools of Medieval England. London, 1915.Leach A.F. The Schools of Medieval England. London, 1915.Leach A.F. English Schools at the Reformation. London, 1896; repr. ed. 2008.Leach A.F. English Schools at the Reformation. London, 1896; repr. ed. 2008.Lily W. Latinae Grammaticae rudimenta: A Short Introduction of Grammar by W. Lily, J. Colet. Oxford, 1709.Lily W. Latinae Grammaticae rudimenta: A Short Introduction of Grammar by W. Lily, J. Colet. Oxford, 1709.Lily's grammar of Latin in English: an introduction of the eyght partes of speche, and the construction of the same / Ed. H. Gwosdek. Oxford, 2013.Lily's grammar of Latin in English: an introduction of the eyght partes of speche, and the construction of the same / Ed. H. Gwosdek. Oxford, 2013.McDonnell M.P. The Annals of St.Paul′s Shool. London, 1959.McDonnell M.P. The Annals of St.Paul′s Shool. London, 1959.Orme N. English Schools in the Middle Ages. London, 1973.Orme N. English Schools in the Middle Ages. London, 1973.Seebohm F. The Oxford Reformers. John Colet, Erasmus and More. London, 1887.Seebohm F. The Oxford Reformers. John Colet, Erasmus and More. London, 1887.Stow J. The Survey of London / Ed. H.B. Wheatley. London, 1956.Stow J. The Survey of London / Ed. H.B. Wheatley. London, 1956.The Acts of Court of the Mercer′s Company (1453-1527) / Ed. L. Lyell and F.D. Watney. Cambridge, 1936.The Acts of Court of the Mercer′s Company (1453-1527) / Ed. L. Lyell and F.D. Watney. Cambridge, 1936.Thompson D.F. Erasmus and Cambridge. The Cambridge Letters of Erasmus. Toronto, 1963.Thompson D.F. Erasmus and Cambridge. The Cambridge Letters of Erasmus. Toronto, 1963.Vergil Polidore. The Anglica Historia of Polydore Vergil. A. D. 1485 - 1537 / Ed. D. Hay. London, 1950.Vergil Polidore. The Anglica Historia of Polydore Vergil. A. D. 1485 – 1537 / Ed. D. Hay. London, 1950.Woodward W.H. Desiderius Erasmus Concerning the Aim and Method of Education. Cambridge, 1904.Woodward W.H. Desiderius Erasmus Concerning the Aim and Method of Education. Cambridge, 1904.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.