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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mininuniver</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Мининского университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik of Minin University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2307-1281</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mininuniver-163</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ И ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕСТА ПАМЯТИ И ТЕНИ ВОЙНЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PLACES OF MEMORY AND THE SHADOW OF WAR</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уинтер</surname><given-names>Дж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Winter</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор истории,</p><p>Коннектикут</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor of History,</p><p>Connecticut</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jay.winter@yale.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаи</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nicolai</surname><given-names>F. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры всеобщей истории, классических дисциплин и права, </p><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in History of the Department of General History and Classical Disciplines and Law,</p><p>Nizhni Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fvnik@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Йельский университет<country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Yale University<country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Нижегородский государственный педагогический университет имени Козьмы Минина<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Minin Nizhny Novgorod Statе Pedagogical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1-2</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>9</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Уинтер Д., Николаи Ф.V., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Уинтер Д., Николаи Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Winter J., Nicolai F.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.minin-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/163">https://www.minin-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/163</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются практики коммеморации и места памяти ХХ в., которые обладают собственным жизненным циклом. В рамках первой, креативной фазы они создаются ради конкретных целей поминовения. Затем следует период институционализации и рутинизации. Их фиксация в календаре и привязывание событий к конкретным местам могут занимать десятилетия, а могут внезапно обрываться. Чаще всего их значимость стирается с уходом тех социальных групп, которые инициировали данные практики. Места памяти действуют на нескольких уровнях, аккумулируя разные ассоциации. В античности и средневековье они могли нести семейные коннотации, но в новейшее время получить гораздо более широкий смысл, стать объектом популярных и академических дискуссий. Далее мы сосредоточимся на эпохе национальных государств, прежде всего, XIX-XX вв.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Sites of memory are topoi with a life history. They have an initial, creative phase, when they are constructed or adapted to particular commemorative purposes. Then follows a period of institutionalization and routinization of their use. Such markings of the calendar, indicating moments of remembrance at particular places, can last for decades, or they can be abruptly halted. In most instances, the significance of sites of memory fades away with the passing of the social groups which initiated the practice. Sites of memory operate on many levels of aggregation and touches many facets of associative life. While such sites were familiar in the ancient and medieval period, they have proliferated in more recent times. Consequently, the subject has attracted much academic and popular discussion. We therefore concentrate here on sites of memory in the epoch of the nation state, primarily in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>места памяти</kwd><kwd>практики коммеморации</kwd><kwd>военные мемориалы</kwd><kwd>коллективная память</kwd><kwd>политика памяти</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sites of memory</kwd><kwd>practices of commemoration</kwd><kwd>war memorials</kwd><kwd>collective memory</kwd><kwd>politics of memory</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Assmann J. CollectiveMemory and Cultural Identity // New German Critique. 1995. Vol. 65. P. 125-133.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Assmann J. CollectiveMemory and Cultural Identity // New German Critique. 1995. Vol. 65. 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