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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mininuniver</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Мининского университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik of Minin University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2307-1281</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26795/2307-1281-2024-12-1-6</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mininuniver-1499</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ, ПСИХОЛОГИЯ ЛИЧНОСТИ, ИСТОРИЯ ПСИХОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY, PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY, HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Значимая» корреляция и реальная типология зависимостей на примере показателей популярных психодиагностических методик</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>«Relevant correlation» and real typology of dependences on the example of indicators of popular psychological tests</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5380-1125</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басимов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basimov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Басимов Михаил Михайлович – доктор психологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник, Научный центр по исследованию истории и развития мировых цивилизаций</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Basimov Mikhail M. – doctor of Psychology, Leading Researcher, Scientific center for research of history and of development of world civilizations, Autonomous non-profit organization of higher education</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">basimov_@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Университет мировых цивилизаций имени В.В. Жириновского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Autonomous non-profit organization of higher education «Zhirinovsky University of World Civilizations»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>6</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Басимов М.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Басимов М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Basimov M.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.minin-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1499">https://www.minin-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1499</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Анализ статистических связей между исследуемыми признаками, скорее всего, главный вид аналитических задач, встречающихся практически в любом психологическом исследовании. Но, как показывает наш многолетний опыт, в том числе моих коллег, в психологических исследованиях, если нет переизбытка родственных по содержанию переменных, между изучаемыми показателями доминируют, прежде всего, далекие от линейных взаимосвязей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для изучения статистических связей в работе использовался авторский метод, позволяющий изучать наряду с линейными связями простейшие нелинейные зависимости: с максимумом и с минимумом, далекие от линейных монотонные и почти монотонные. Это позволяет не только расширить спектр выявляемых связей и избавиться от многочисленных ошибок традиционной интерпретации коэффициента корреляции, но и лучше понять сложный психологический предмет конкретного исследования. Для демонстрации типологии статистических зависимостей были подобраны психологические данные для 120 испытуемых по 9 популярным методикам, результаты диагностики по которым представляют 114 количественных показателей.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Настоящая статья посвящена анализу соотношения линейных и простейших нелинейных связей, их особенностям и типологии, их интерпретации на пересечении разных интервалов мер связи, полученных как в рамках изучения только линейных моделей, так и в рамках изучения простейших нелинейных связей, когда линейные зависимости становятся составляющей частью всего множества зависимостей, представляющих исследовательский интерес. Например, для 6441 пары психологических показателей наблюдается только 17 сильных линейных связей, причем либо для шкал теста MMPI, либо для шкал теста Лири. К тому же среди «значимых», но при этом очень слабых и слабых зависимостей в модели для кварт было найдено 29 сильных простейших нелинейных зависимостей (ошибка 2 типа). А среди зависимостей, которые не попали в зону значимости в модели для кварт, было найдено 37 сильных простейших нелинейных зависимостей (ошибка 1 типа).</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключения</title><p>Обсуждение и заключения. В основном, если ограничиваться простейшими нелинейными зависимостями, психологу наиболее интересными должны быть зависимости с максимумом или минимумом, которые соответствуют сущности психического как предмета исследования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The analysis of statistical relation between the characteristics under study is most likely the main type of analytical tasks encountered in almost any psychological study. But as our long-term experience, including my colleagues, shows in psychological research if there is no overabundance of closely related in meaning variable, between the studied indicators dominate, first of all, dependences that are far from linear.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. To study statistical relation, the author's method was used in the work, which makes it possible to study, along with linear dependencies, the simplest nonlinear dependencies: with a maximum and with a minimum, far from linear, monotonic and almost monotonic. This allows not only to expand the range of revealed dependencies and get rid of numerous errors in the traditional interpretation of the correlation coefficient, but also to better understand the complex psychological subject of a particular study. To demonstrate the typology of statistical dependencies, psychological data were selected for 120 subjects using 9 popular methods. The results of diagnostics according to these methods represent 114 quantitative indicators.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. This article is devoted to the analysis of the ratio of linear and simplest nonlinear dependencies, their features and typology, their interpretation at the intersection of different intervals of dependencies measures obtained both in the study of only linear models and in the study of the simplest nonlinear dependencies, when linear dependencies become an integral part of the entire set dependencies of research interest. For example, for 6441 pairs of psychological indicators, only 17 strong linear relationships are observed, either for the MMPI test scales or for the Leary test scales. At the same time, among the “significant”, but at the same time very weak and weak dependences in the model for quarts, 29 strong simplest non-linear dependences were found (type 2 error). And among the dependencies that did not fall into the zone of significance in the model for quarts, 37 strong simplest non-linear dependencies were found (type 1 error).</p><p>Discussion and Conclusions. Basically, if we restrict ourselves to the simplest non-linear dependencies, the psychologists should be most interested in dependencies with a maximum or minimum that correspond to the essence of the mental as a subject of study.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>психологическое исследование</kwd><kwd>статистическая зависимость</kwd><kwd>линейный</kwd><kwd>нелинейный</kwd><kwd>коэффициент корреляции</kwd><kwd>значимая корреляция</kwd><kwd>коэффициент силы связи</kwd><kwd>сравнительная весомость</kwd><kwd>интерпретация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>psychological research</kwd><kwd>statistical dependence</kwd><kwd>linear</kwd><kwd>nonlinear</kwd><kwd>coefficient ofcorrelation</kwd><kwd>significant correlation</kwd><kwd>factor of the connection strength</kwd><kwd>comparative weightiness</kwd><kwd>interpretation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Batarshev A. 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