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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mininuniver</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Мининского университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik of Minin University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2307-1281</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26795/2307-1281-2019-7-3-3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mininuniver-1005</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VOCATIONAL TRAINING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретроспективный анализ развития профессионального образования в России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Retrospective analysis of the development of professional education in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркова Светлана Михайловна – доктор педагогических наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой профессионального образования и управления образовательными системами </p><p>Нижний Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Markova Svetlana Mikhaylovna – Doctor of pedagogical sciences, professor, head of vocational education and management of educational systems </p><p>Nizhny Novgorod</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ngpu.prodped@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Нижегородский государственный педагогический университет имени Козьмы Минина (Мининский университет),</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University (Minin University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>3</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маркова С.М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маркова С.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markova S.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.minin-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1005">https://www.minin-vestnik.ru/jour/article/view/1005</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: основной целью данной статьи является определение состояния профессионального образования в различные периоды его становления, изучение его развития и выделение особенностей и основных тенденций этого развития, что позволяет охарактеризовать прогностическое развитие профессионального образования в условиях влияния внешних факторов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: в педагогическом исследовании использовались аналитические и синтетические прогностические методы, методы моделирования и экстраполяции, методы экспертной оценки, приемы теоретического анализа, обобщения и оценки систем фактов. В прогнозировании профессионального образования реализуется принцип диалектического единства анализа и синтеза.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования: анализ динамики профессионального образования позволяет выделять два различных периода развития: 1) 1920 – 1980 гг. – этап нестабильного поведения, характерный для становления системы; 2) 1981 г. – начало XXI в. – этап развития, характеризующийся постоянным усложнением системы, увеличением компонентного состава, направленностью на достижение цели.</p><p>Эти факторы позволяют выделить периоды развития профессионального образования таким образом, что каждый включает либо «подъем» либо «спад» по показателям выпуска рабочих из профессиональных учебных заведений.</p><p>Таким образом, динамика развития профессионального образования позволяет выделить следующие этапы: 1 этап – 1921 – 1925 гг.; 2 этап – 1926 – 1932 гг.; 3 этап – 1933 – 1940 гг.; 4 этап – 1941 – 1948 гг.; 5 этап – 1949 – 1953 гг.; 6 этап – 1954 – 1958 гг.; 7 этап – 1959 – 1965 гг.; 8 этап – 1966 – 1975 гг.; 9 этап – 1976 – 1986 гг.; 10 этап – 1990 – начало XXI в.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключения</title><p>Обсуждение и заключения: осуществлен ретроспективный анализ развития профессионального образования в России, выделены основные периоды развития профессионального образования, обусловленные развитием различных типов производств (механизированного, индустриального, научно-индустриального), и особенности профессионального образования в эти периоды. Выделены факторы, влияющие на подготовку будущих рабочих.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: the main purpose of this article is to determine the state of vocational education at the time of the start of forecasting, to study its development in the previous period and to highlight features and main trends of this development, which allows us to characterize the prognostic development of vocational education under the influence of external factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: the pedagogical research used analytical and synthetic prognostic methods, methods of modeling and extrapolation, methods of expert evaluation, methods of theoretical analysis, generalization and evaluation of fact systems. In the forecasting of vocational education, the principle of dialectic unity of analysis and synthesis is implemented.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: analysis of the dynamics of vocational education allows us to distinguish two different periods of development: 1) 1920-1958. - stage of unstable behavior, characteristic for the formation of the system; 2) 1959 - 1986 - the stage of development, characterized by the constant complexity of the system, an increase in the component composition, focus on achieving the goal.</p><p>These factors make it possible to single out periods of development of vocational education in such a way that each includes either a “rise” or a “recession” in terms of the output of workers from vocational schools.</p><p>Thus, the dynamics of the development of vocational education allows us to distinguish the following stages: Stage 1 - 1921 - 1925; Stage 2 - 1926 - 1932; Stage 3 - 1933 - 1940; Stage 4 - 1941 - 1948; Stage 5 - 1949 - 1953; Stage 6 - 1954 - 1958; Stage 7 - 1959 - 1965; Stage 8 - 1966 - 1975; Stage 9 - 1976 - 1986; Stage 10 - 1990 - the beginning of the XXI century.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusions: a retrospective analysis of the development of vocational education in Russia has been carried out, the main periods of vocational education development have been identified, due to the development of various types of industries (mechanized, industrial, scientific and industrial), and features of vocational education during these periods. Selected factors affecting the training of future workers.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>прогностическое развитие</kwd><kwd>профессиональное образование</kwd><kwd>исторические периоды</kwd><kwd>производственный потенциал</kwd><kwd>квалифицированные рабочие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>development</kwd><kwd>professional education</kwd><kwd>historical periods</kwd><kwd>production potential</kwd><kwd>skilled workers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрова Н.М. Методологические принципы профессиологии педагогического образования // Человек и образование. 2009. №3(20). С. 55-59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aleksandrova N.M. Methodological principles of the pedagogical education professiology. CHelovek i obrazovanie, 2009, no. 3(20), pp. 55-59. 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